Scraper machine operator. Training center Description of work, tasks and job responsibilities

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MINISTRY
EDUCATION AND SCIENCE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Job Description. Control of trailed and self-propelled scrapers with an engine power of up to 44.2 kW (60 hp) in the development, movement and storage of rock mass, soil in open-pit mining, road construction in a quarry and rock mass storage areas. Ensuring technically correct development of the face and efficient use of the scraper. Soil laying in the worked-out area and in the dump. Inspection and refueling of tractors with fuels and lubricants. Observation of the measuring instruments used, the strength of ropes, blocks, tugs, fastening of knots and braking devices. Lubrication of moving parts and parts. Participation in all types of repair of a tractor, trailer or attachments. Keeping a log of inspections and repairs of serviced equipment. Drawing up a defective repair report.

Must know: device and technical characteristics of tractors, trailers or attachments, engines, devices used; scraper control system; regulations traffic, development and movement of soils of various categories at various depths of development; basic information about the production of open pit mining; rock properties; permissible angles of descent and ascent of the serviced equipment; lubrication, power and cooling systems for internal combustion engines; rules for compiling a defective statement for the repair of serviced equipment.

When driving self-propelled scrapers with an engine power of over 44.2 to 73.6 kW (60 to 100 hp) - 4th category;

when driving self-propelled scrapers with an engine power of over 73.6 to 147.2 kW (100 to 200 hp) and in the performance of overburden and mining operations in placer deposits by self-propelled scrapers with an engine power up to 147.2 kW (200 hp) .) - 5th category;

when driving self-propelled scrapers with an engine power of over 147.2 to 279.7 kW (200 to 350 hp) - 6th category;

when driving self-propelled scrapers with an engine power of over 279.7 kW (350 hp) - 7th category.

Note. Works on the development, movement and leveling of soils in the construction of cuts and embankments, reserves, cavaliers and banquets in the construction of automobile and railways, irrigation and navigable canals, dams, protective earthen dams, pits for buildings and structures, supports for power transmission lines and contact networks, trenches for underground utilities, drainage ditches, upland and beyond-banquet ditches, tunneling of mine workings underground and other structures of similar complexity are charged according to ETKS, issue 3, section "Construction, installation and repair and construction works".

_________________________________________________

(full name of the enterprise with indication of subordination)

APPROVED

Order _______________________

(employer position and

_____________________________

Company name)

_________________ № _________

(day month Year)

INSTRUCTIONS

ON LABOR SAFETY No. __________

FOR THE SCRAPER OPERATOR

1. General Provisions

1.1. Individuals who have reached the age of 18, are recognized by the medical commission as fit for this work, have been taught safe methods of performing work, and have a certificate for the right to operate a scraper, are allowed to work independently on scrapers.

The driver of a self-propelled scraper must have a driver's license to drive vehicle, and the driver of the trailed scraper - a tractor driver's certificate.

1.2. The driver hired must undergo an introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, methods and methods of providing first aid to victims, must be familiarized against signature with the working conditions, rights and benefits for working in harmful and dangerous working conditions, with the rules of conduct in the event of accidents.

Before starting work directly at the workplace, the driver must undergo an initial briefing on safe methods of work.

On the conduct of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for the registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for the registration of briefings on labor protection issues. At the same time, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required.

1.3. The scraper driver after the initial briefing at the workplace must undergo an internship for 2-15 shifts (depending on length of service, experience and nature of work) under the guidance of an experienced qualified scraper driver, who is appointed by order (instruction) for the enterprise.

1.4. The scraper operator must undergo repeated briefing on the rules and methods of safe work and labor protection:

- periodically, at least once a quarter;

- with unsatisfactory knowledge of labor protection no later than a month;

- in connection with the assumption of a case of injury or violation of labor protection requirements that did not lead to injury.

1.5. The scraper driver must work in overalls and safety shoes, which are provided for in the Model industry regulations: cotton overalls, combined mittens and rubber boots.

1.7. The scraper should be stocked in the cab with a first aid kit.

1.8. The driver of an autoscraper must know and follow the Rules of the Road of Ukraine when driving on roads.

1.9. The operation of faulty machines that are not equipped with sound, light and combined alarms is prohibited.

1.10. It is not allowed to transfer control of the scraper to unauthorized persons. Driving on the footboards, fenders and frame of the tractor is prohibited.

1.11. When moving, the scraper bucket must be raised above the ground by at least 0.35 m.

1.12. If it is necessary to stop the car on the carriageway during the day, it should be fenced off with an emergency stop sign, and at night, in case of poor visibility, with a red light installed at a distance of at least 20 m from the car in built-up areas and 40 m outside the built-up area.

1.13. When working at night and with poor visibility, regardless of the illumination of workplaces, the working bodies and control mechanisms of the machine must be illuminated.

1.14. The scraper driver can start work in the protected area (electric cable, gas pipeline) only if there is a work permit that determines the safe conditions for conducting work.

1.15. If cables, pipes or other underground utilities and unknown objects are found in the ground, work must be stopped immediately and the foreman must be informed.

1.16. When transporting over a distance of up to 100 km, the crawler tractor of the trailed scraper is transported on a trailer, and the scraper itself is towed by a car at a speed of up to 25-30 km/h.

During the transportation of the tractor on the trailer, the driver is prohibited from being in the cab of the tractor or on the platform of the trailer.

Road speed must be:

– for self-propelled scrapers – up to 40 km/h;

– for tractor-trailed scrapers – up to 9.0 km/h.

The technical speed when performing work should be:

- for self-propelled scrapers - 3.4-6.7 km / h;

- for scrapers trailed to the tractor - 1.4-2.2 km / h.

To tow a self-propelled scraper, a rigid tug attached to both front tow hooks must be used.

1.17. The coupling of the tractor with the trailed scraper must be rigid and have a safety cable. When coupling a tractor and a hydraulically driven unit, there must be a warning rope between the unit and the tractor, the length of which is less than the length of the flexible hoses of the hydraulic system.

1.18. It is recommended to refuel an autoscraper or a tractor-tractor with fuel during the day when the engine is not running. If refueling is required at night, safe electric lighting should be provided.

1.19. The scraper should have a set of tools and a fire extinguisher.

1.20. The scraper operator must perform the following fire safety measures:

- do not smoke or use open flames near fuel depots and refueling points;

– do not leave oiled rags on the engine;

- do not work in clothes doused with fuels and lubricants;

- do not transport flammable substances in the cab or on any other parts of the scraper or tractor;

- store cleaning materials only in special metal boxes with lids that close tightly;

– close the fuel tank necks with metal plugs;

– Spilled fuel, lubricating oil and used cleaning material must be cleaned up immediately.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work on the scraper, the driver must put on overalls, check the serviceability of all its systems and mechanisms, and carry out shift maintenance.

2.2. To facilitate starting the engine in winter, fluids with a low freezing point (antifreeze) should be used in the cooling system.

When using antifreeze, the driver must comply with safety requirements in accordance with DNAOP 0.00-1.28-97 “Occupational safety regulations in road transport”.

It is forbidden to pour antifreeze with a hose by sucking antifreeze with your mouth.

2.3. After each operation with antifreeze (receiving and refueling), hands should be thoroughly washed with soap and water.

2.5. In case of malfunctions that the driver cannot eliminate on his own, the mechanic should be informed. It is forbidden to work on a damaged machine.

2.6. The workplace of the driver should be comfortable, provide a stable position in the process of work, good review front of work, protected from precipitation and sunlight, as well as have sufficient natural or artificial lighting and the necessary glass cleaning system.

2.7. Control platforms, levers and steering wheels must be dry and clean. It is forbidden to clutter up the site with foreign objects.

2.8. It is forbidden to go to work if there are any malfunctions of the machine, unreliable fastening of wheel disks, malfunctions of pneumatic tires, tractor braking device and winch, which in an emergency cannot ensure a quick stop of the tractor and fixing the bucket in the desired position, a warning rope between the scraper drawbar and the tractor; for hydraulically operated scrapers, the rope must be shorter than the length of the rubber flexible hoses, which will prevent the hoses from breaking when the hitch safety pin is cut.

2.9. Before moving off, you should make sure that there are no people in the working area, as well as in the path of the scraper, give a warning signal. Operation with a faulty signal is not allowed.

– to transport people in a scraper bucket;

– sit on the frame or stand on the bottom of the scraper while driving;

– enter the tractor cab or exit it while driving. Only the scraper driver or tractor driver is allowed to be in the tractor cab;

– leave the tractor with the engine running without supervision;

– touch the ropes or adjust them while moving;

- work with a cable drive, the rope of which has destroyed strands.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. During the operation of the scrapers, it is prohibited:

– be in the area of ​​operation of the machines by unauthorized persons who do not work directly on the machine;

– leave the control platform and enter it until the unit stops completely;

– unhook the trailed scraper until the tractor comes to a complete stop;

- leave a self-propelled scraper or tractor with a running engine, unbraked on a descent or ascent without a driver.

3.2. At joint work two or more vehicles, the interval between tractors on caterpillar tracks must be at least 20 m, and on pneumatic wheels - 50 m.

3.3. Do not operate the scraper on wet clay soils or in the rain. It is not allowed to unload the scraper by moving it back down a slope.

3.4. Do not shift gears while the scraper is moving up and down. When going downhill, the scraper should move in first gear.

3.5. It is forbidden to move the soil with self-propelled scrapers with side slopes of more than 10 °, trailed - more than 12 °.

3.6. When constructing high embankments or deep cuts, exits and entrances for the movement of loaded scrapers should have a slope of no more than 10°.

3.7. Approach of trailed scrapers to the slope of the excavations is allowed no more than 0.5 m, and to the slope of a freshly poured embankment - no more than 1.0 m.

3.8. It is not allowed to turn the scraper with a deepened knife. Cutting and gaining soil is allowed only in a straight section.

3.9. In the event of a forced stop of the scraper on an ascent or descent, it is necessary to brake it with a hand brake and place stops (shoes) under all wheels.

3.10. It is not allowed to operate the scraper with tire pressure less than that set by the factory instructions.

3.11. Do not stay under the scraper bucket which is in the lifted position by means of lifting means, nor in the scraper bucket with the flap lifted, which is held only by the scraper hydraulic cylinders or lifting ropes.

3.12. It is allowed to clean the scraper bucket from soil adhering to it only after it has completely stopped and with the bucket lowered, using a shovel or scraper. Other methods of cleaning the bucket are prohibited.

4. Safety requirements for technical

maintenance and repair of scrapers

4.1. Maintenance and repair should be carried out only in specially designated places, on a flat area, where the stability of the machine is ensured, sufficient lighting of all components and parts of the machine. It is necessary to use structures and devices that allow you to conveniently and safely approach the serviced components and parts (overpass, ditch, lift), as well as use a set of special tools and devices. The place of repair must be free from foreign objects. Work with a defective tool is not allowed.

4.2. When performing maintenance and repair of the scraper, it is necessary to pull the hand brake lever and install stops (shoes) under the wheels; the engine must be stopped, with the exception of cases of its regulation and checking the operation of the mechanisms for controlling the bucket, damper, rear wall.

4.3. At maintenance the scraper bucket must be lowered to the ground. When working under the bucket, the latter should be installed on reliable stops.

4.4. When performing work related to the removal of wheels, it is necessary to jam one wheel at the front and rear of the scraper. Jacks must be placed in places intended for this purpose and marked with the letters “DK”. Having lifted the other side of the scraper with a jack, it is necessary to bring a reliable support under the bridge beam and release the jack. Stops, stands should be strong. It is forbidden to use barrels, boxes, bricks for this purpose.

4.5. The dismantling and mounting of the tire must be carried out with completely deflated air, using special mounting blades.

4.6. When testing hydraulic systems, it is forbidden to be near high-pressure hoses.

4.7. It is not allowed to adjust the safety valves of hydraulic systems, as well as other sealed valves, devices, components until the end of the warranty period. Adjustment must be carried out under the supervision of a mechanic.

4.8. When the scraper is roped, the ropes should be carefully inspected at least once a week, and if more than 10% of individual rope breaks are found over a length of 1 m, the rope must be replaced.

4.9. A scraper that has come out of repair should be checked at idle, under load, and only then sent to work.

4.10. When servicing lead-acid batteries, the vents in the plugs must be cleaned periodically.

Avoid contact with sulfuric acid and electrolyte on the body and clothing.

Wash hands and face thoroughly with soap and warm water after handling batteries.

4.11. The driver must not allow work involving sparking and high temperatures (welding, soldering, etc.) on the machine, unless it is impossible to remove the part that needs repair.

Welding and soldering work must be carried out at a distance of at least 20 m from the machine.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. At the end of the job, the scraper operator must:

- put the scraper in the place designated for its parking;

– turn off the batteries;

– unload the hydraulic system of the scraper by lowering the damper and the bucket;

- clean the working bodies, report all malfunctions to the shifter and record in the shift acceptance and delivery log.

4.2. After finishing work, the scraper operator must take off the overalls, clean them of dust and other dirt and put them in the place provided for storage.

Then wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. If suspicious noises, crackling, grinding or other unusual sounds appear in the engine or in the undercarriage of the scraper, stop work and take measures to eliminate the malfunction.

5.2. It is allowed to use the emergency stop button of the engine only in exceptional cases, if it is necessary to immediately stop the engine (in this case, the air supply to the cylinders is abruptly stopped, which leads to a great weight of the engine parts).

5.3. If the engine suddenly stops while driving, it is necessary to brake the scraper, find out the causes and eliminate the malfunctions without disengaging the transmission.

Disconnecting the transmission from the engine is unacceptable, as in this case the scraper will lose control.

5.4. If fuels and lubricants catch fire, it is necessary to shut off the fuel supply to the engine, and then take measures to extinguish it.

Burning fuels and lubricants should be extinguished with powder and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, sand, earth.

5.5. If the fire cannot be extinguished on your own, you must call the fire brigade.

5.6. In the event of an accident, the scraper operator must be able to provide the victim with first aid and inform the administration of what has happened.

________________________ ________________ _________________

(head position

divisions

/organizations/ - developer

AGREED:

Head (specialist)

security services

labor of the enterprise ______________ _______________

(personal signature) (surname, initials)

Legal Counsel ______________ _______________

(personal signature) (surname, initials)

Chief technologist ______________ _______________

(personal signature) (surname, initials)

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