Industrial rail transport. Industrial railway transport at the enterprise Industrial railway transport

The concept of the railway industry

The term "railway industry" is extremely rare. Therefore, sometimes there is confusion with its interpretation. Sometimes it is identified with railway transport, sometimes with the engineering industry. But the truth is in the middle.

Definition 1

The railway industry is a set of industries that provide the construction of railway lines, their operation and railway engineering industries.

Thus, we are dealing with an intersectoral complex. Its branches belong both to construction and to mechanical engineering and transport. The sectoral structure of this complex has the following composition:

railway engineering;
railway transport;
road construction;
service industries (energy, communications, electrical engineering, etc.).

The beginning of the railway industry takes from the moment of invention steam engine and its installation on the locomotive.

Railway engineering in Russia

Definition 2

Railway engineering is the branch of transport engineering that produces different kinds railway equipment (locomotives, wagons, transport platforms, etc.).

For a long time, due to its economic backwardness, Russia was forced to purchase railway equipment abroad. Russia's main trading partners were Great Britain and Germany. In the 19th century, it was Britain that was the world leader in the development of capitalism in general and rail transport in particular.

Railway engineering in tsarist Russia was represented by car-building and car-repair enterprises in St. Petersburg (Petrograd) and Moscow. Locomotives were purchased mainly in the UK. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Lugansk locomotive building plant began its work, and a plant in Kharkov began to be built. Steam locomotive repair enterprises opened in Moscow, Kyiv, Kolomna and St. Petersburg.

After October revolution and civil war the young socialist state found itself in the conditions of an international economic blockade. To restore the economy destroyed by the war and to revive the economy, the development of railway communication was required. The government managed to conclude an agreement with German firms for the supply of the first batches of steam locomotives. In the future, a course was taken for the priority development of heavy engineering (including railway).

Over the years Soviet power destroyed by the war were restored and new railway engineering plants were built. The construction of the Moscow metro should also be attributed to the new buildings of the first Soviet five-year plans. Steam locomotives were the main draft force. The railway network and railway engineering plants located on the territory of the European part of the Soviet Union were thoroughly destroyed during the Great Patriotic War.

The second half of the 20th century is characterized by the development of railway electrification. For this, electric locomotive plants were built in Novocherkassk and Tbilisi. Passenger cars were built in Riga and Kalinin, freight cars - in Kremenchug, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Abakan and Barnaul. Part of the rolling stock was imported from the countries of the socialist camp (diesel locomotives from Czechoslovakia, wagons from Poland). But this was not caused by the insufficiency of domestic machine-building capacities, but by political interests (maintaining the economy of the socialist countries of Europe).

After the collapse Soviet Union the railway complex, like the entire economy, survived the crisis. But the development of the economy and the scope of the territory of Russia served as the basis for the formation of an internal market for railway engineering products. At present, the railway engineering industry in Russia includes the following sectors:

locomotive building (diesel locomotive building and electric locomotive building);
car building (production of freight and passenger cars);
production of road equipment.

The largest railway engineering companies at present are: Transmashholding (factories in Bryansk, Kolomna, Novocherkassk), Uralvagonzavod, Altaivagonzavod, Tikhvin Carriage Building Plant, Armavir Heavy Machine Building Plant. They provide supplies to the domestic market of all types of required products - freight and passenger cars, gondola cars, platforms, tanks, isothermal cars, diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. With regard to locomotives, Russian engineering produces both mainline locomotives, as well as shunting and shunting-export locomotives. The latter are used at various enterprises of metallurgy, mechanical engineering, mining enterprises and logging.

Railway engineering is characterized by high material consumption. That's why machine-building enterprises of this industry gravitate towards metallurgical bases. Currently, the geography of railway engineering is represented by the Central District, St. Petersburg, the North Caucasus, Nizhny Tagil, Altai, Abakan.

An important component of the complex under consideration is the production of track equipment. Leading companies in this industry are Kaluga plant Remputmash, Abdulinsky and Vereshchaginsky railway equipment plants. It should be noted that the railway engineering industry in Russia currently requires significant investment.

Railway construction and railway transport in Russia

In view of the vast territories of the country, rail transport has played and still plays an important role in the Russian economy. The country has one of the largest rail networks in the world. Its total length exceeds 124 thousand kilometers. More than a third of them are now electrified. In terms of length of railways, Russia is second only to the United States.

The share of rail transport in Russia accounts for 27% of passenger traffic and almost 45% of freight traffic (excluding pipeline transport). Unfortunately, Russian rail transport is characterized by relatively low competitiveness. In terms of the quality of railway infrastructure, Russia is only in 23rd place (and in terms of the quality of general transport infrastructure - in 74th).

The first railways were built in Russia in the 19th century (Tsarskoye Selo road, Odessa-Balta road). The country's railway network is characterized by territorial disproportion. The most developed railway network is in the European part of the country. For a long time the only highway in the Asian part of Russia was the Trans-Siberian Railway. During the years of Soviet power, new highways were laid. Roads have been electrified. In the 21st century, high-speed locomotives of domestic production were put into operation. The leader in the Russian railway transport is the JSC "Russian Railways".

Mines, factories, power plants or other industrial facility, whose task is to transport industrial goods (products, raw materials, production waste) from one industrial facility to another, or, most often, from an object to a station that is part of the Russian Railways network.

PPZhT operates according to the rules of technical operation common to all railways, but is not subordinate to Russian Railways. PPZHT lines, called access roads, are not included in the Russian Railways network. At the junction of PPZhT lines with the Russian Railways network, a resetting turnout and a sign "boundary of the access road" are installed without fail.

PPZHT are non-public routes.

As a rule, the main type of PPZhT locomotives are diesel locomotives. But many PPZT coal mines and quarries may have electric locomotives that are used to haul overburden. In exceptional cases, electric locomotives can be used on the access roads of other enterprises, for example, electric locomotives of the GET and 410K types were on the Elektrozavodskaya branch in Moscow.

PPZhT usually have the following scheme: from the junction station owned by Russian Railways (in exceptional cases - to another PPZhT), an access road begins. An example of a PPZhT adjacent to another PPZhT is Zheleznodorozhnik JSC (Novokuznetsk). A branch line may have an industrial station in front of the enterprises, in order not to follow the wagons forward along the long track. In addition, an exhibition of wagons can be carried out at this station, since it is necessary to smooth out the unevenness of transportation. If PPZhT diesel locomotives do not have the right to enter the tracks of Russian Railways, then a transfer station is built in front of the junction station.

Large PPZhTs may have several connecting stations. An example is Prokopievsk vocational school, UZhDT OZSMK. In some cases, it is possible to connect to one station, but from several sides - for example, from both necks. An example is the Kiselyovsk vocational school.

Equipping with signaling devices can also vary greatly depending on local conditions. Many PPZhT use radio communication as the only means of communication, there is no centralization of arrows and signals. Large PPZhT can have signaling systems that are not inferior to RZD stations, complete shunting centralization of stations, auto-blocking or semi-auto-blocking on hauls, and so on.

Association "Promzheldortrans" - Association joint-stock companies and state enterprises intersectoral industrial railway transport "Promzheldortrans", brings together large legal entities of the industry to coordinate their activities, represent common interests in government and other bodies, as well as in international organizations; provides consulting, manufacturing, engineering services. Coordination of entrepreneurial, scientific and technical, economic and financial, investment and other activities of the organizations-members of the Association, representation and protection of their interests in government bodies, public organizations.

The association was founded in 1995. Until 1995, PPZhT were part of the federal railways of Russia, and then were corporatized. It was in those years that the reform of railway transport began. Currently, PPWT are independent specialized organizations railway transport.

The change in ownership did not change the character production activities joint-stock companies. PPWT are legal entities and carry out transportation, loading and unloading and other work to serve the clientele, which are quite laborious and expensive.

The Promzheldortrans Association was established in March 1995 with the aim of consolidating the activities of intersectoral industrial railway transport organizations and representing their interests in legislative and federal executive bodies to ensure equal partnership in the market transport services.

The Association unites 50 joint-stock companies that provide services to industrial and construction enterprises Russian Federation. Organizations that are members of the Association are located in all regions of Russia: from the Kaliningrad region to the Primorsky Territory.

The list of enterprises of industrial railway transport (PPZhT) as of 13.10.2015:

State Unitary Enterprise "Argunskoe PPZhT"
OJSC Artemovskoye PPZhT
OJSC "Berezovskoye PPZhT"
OJSC "V-Sibpromtrans"
OJSC PZhT "Vladimir"
OJSC "Vladpromzheldortrans"
OJSC "Volgogradpromzheldortrans"
CJSC "VPZhT", Voronezh
OJSC "Voskresenskoye PPZhT"
ZAO Gornozavodsktransport
JSC Gubakhatransport
SE "Dzhankoy MPPPZhT"
OOO Zheleznodorozhnik, Naberezhnye Chelny
OJSC "Zhukovskoye PPZhT"
JSC "Zheleznogorsk PZhT"
LLC PZhT Zheldortrans, Makhachkala
CJSC "Zavolzhskoe PPZhT"
IzhPromTrans LLC
JSC "Promzheldortrans", Kaliningrad
OAO Kirovpromzheldortrans
JSC "Klimovsky ATK"
JSC "Klinskoe PPZhT"
JSC "Krasnodarpromzheldortrans"
OJSC Krasnokamskpromzheldortrans
CJSC "Lytkarinsky PPZhT"
Magistral LLC
MGOAO "Promzheldortrans"
OJSC "Mir SK PZhT"
OAO Novo-Ryazanskoye PPZhT
CJSC "Noginsk PPZhT"
OOO OZHDKh, Cheboksary
LLC "Orlovskoye PPZhT"
JSC "Ochakovo-Promzheldortrans"
JSC "Podolsk PPZhT"
SE "Simferopol MPPPZhT"
OJSC "Stupinsky Promzheldortrans"
LLC "SC Promzheldortrans"
JSC "Sibpromzheldortrans"
JSC "Transport", Solikamsk
OJSC "North-Western" Promzheldortrans "
CJSC "North-West "Promtrans"
OJSC Technopark Lobnya
CJSC "Tuchkovskoye PPZhT"
OJSC "Uralpromzheldortrans"
JSC "Ussuriysk PPZhT"
JSC "Khabarovsk PPZhT"
Chekhov JSC "Promzheldortrans"
CJSC "MYS"

Own industrial railway transport at an enterprise that carries out a serious economic activity for the transportation of products, raw materials, production waste, etc. - not a luxury, but an urgent need. Today, the activity of industrial railway transport covers more than 10,000 enterprises of all industries.

The interaction of the main railway and industrial transport consists in the transportation of goods from one economic facility to another, most often from a specific industrial organization to a station that is part of the Russian Railways structure. At the same time, the activity of industrial railway transport accounts for about 90% of the total number of freight traffic carried out on railways common use.

Industrial railway transport at an enterprise of any industry has the same infrastructure as the railway transport of Russian Railways, namely:

1) Access roads, the gauge of which is almost everywhere 1524 mm, and the length varies from 100 m (for small enterprises) to over 400 km (for industrial giants);

2) Traction rolling stock - traction rolling stock includes:
locomotives, in most cases - diesel, because industrial access roads (non-public roads) are not equipped with a contact network: diesel locomotives, traction modules, railcars;
wagons of the most diverse configuration: covered wagons, gondola wagons, hoppers, platforms, dump cars, tanks, refrigerators, etc.

3) Specialized service organizations whose competence includes such types of work as and, maintenance and.

All work on industrial railway transport is regulated by the same regulatory and technical documents and instructions as work on public railways.

have behind them a colossal experience on a large “piece of iron”. That is why we are pleased to offer you the full range of our products, from and to your railway facilities.

Our traction stock - diesel locomotives ChME3, TEM-2 (7, 15, 18), TGM-4 (6, 23) and others, under the control of first-class machinists, will transport any of your goods to any distance. In this case, you do not have to worry about or loading wagons - this is also.

In addition, we will coordinate all possible issues with the relevant services of Russian Railways, thus establishing the interaction of the main railway and industrial transport for your enterprise.

Specify the itinerary and date. In response, we will find information from Russian Railways about the availability of tickets and their cost. Choose the appropriate train and place. Pay for the ticket using one of the suggested methods. Payment information will be instantly transferred to Russian Railways and your ticket will be issued.

How to return a purchased railway ticket?

Can I pay for a ticket with a card? And is it safe?

Oh sure. Payment is made through the payment gateway of the processing center Gateline.net. All data is transmitted over a secure channel.The Gateline.net gateway has been designed to meet the requirements international standard PCI DSS security. Software Gateway has been successfully audited for version 3.1.The Gateline.net system allows you to accept payments with Visa and MasterCard, including using 3D-Secure: Verified by Visa and MasterCard SecureCode.The Gateline.net payment form is optimized for various browsers and platforms, including mobile devices.Almost all railway agencies on the Internet work through this gateway.

What is an electronic ticket and electronic registration?

Buying an e-ticket to the site is modern and fast way issuance of a travel document without the participation of a cashier or operator.When buying an electronic railway ticket, seats are redeemed immediately, at the time of payment.After paying for boarding the train, you must either go through electronic registration or print a ticket at the station.Electronic registration Not available for all orders. If registration is available, it can be completed by clicking on the appropriate button on our website. You will see this button immediately after payment. You will then need your original ID and a printout of your boarding pass to board the train. Some conductors do not require a printout, but it's better not to risk it.print e-ticket you can at any time before the train departure at the box office at the station or at the self-registration terminal. To do this, you need a 14-digit order code (you will receive it by SMS after payment) and the original ID.

Industrial rail transport

"...Industrial railway transport - a complex of technical means and structures of non-public railway transport, providing transport service production processes and the provision of transport services, as well as communication with other organizations and public transport ... "

Source:

Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of May 30, 2001 N AN-47-r "On approval of the Instructions for the operation of railway crossings on industrial transport routes"

Official terminology. Akademik.ru. 2012 .

See what "Industrial railway transport" is in other dictionaries:

Non-public rail transport- Non-public railway transport is a set of production and technological complexes, including non-public railway tracks, buildings, structures, structures, in some cases, railway rolling stock ... Wikipedia

Rail transport in the Tver region- Country: Russia Region: Tver region Length: 1803 kilometers Network density: 21.4 km. tracks per 1000 sq. km. square ... Wikipedia

Rail transport in Russia- Suburban electric trains EM2 and ER2 ... Wikipedia

Railway transport- The industrial revolution and the growth of the domestic and foreign markets necessitated a radical restructuring of the means of transport and communications, which turned into unbearable fetters for large-scale industry and for the national and ... ... The World History. Encyclopedia

Transport in Yakutia- Transport in Yakutia is an important component of the economy of Yakutia and the entire north-east of Russia, it ensures the movement of vital cargo, goods, people, plays essential role in ensuring the so-called northern delivery and comfortable ... ... Wikipedia

Promyshlenny proezd (Moscow)- Industrial travel Moscow General informationMoscowRussia Country Russia City Moscow District ... Wikipedia

Transport in Udmurtia- Transport is the most important part of the industrial infrastructure of the Udmurt Republic. Its effective functioning is a necessary condition for the life of the economic complex and social sphere Udmurtia. Udmurt Republic ... ... Wikipedia

Transport in the Republic of Karelia- represented by intercity and intracity transport systems. Intracity transportation is carried out by bus (in Petrozavodsk and regional centers of Karelia), as well as by trolleybus in Petrozavodsk. Intercity transportation is carried out ... ... Wikipedia

Transport in the Tver region- Transport in the Tver region is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the Tver region, providing economic ties both within the Tver region and with other regions. Represented by road, rail, inland (river) ... ... Wikipedia

Transport in the Moscow region- Transport of the Moscow region is one of the most important sectors of the region's economy. Public transport in the Moscow region is represented by intercity and intracity transport systems. Intercity transportation is carried out by electric trains (on ... Wikipedia