Presentation for older preschoolers "History of Christmas tree toys" presentation for a lesson on the world around (preparatory group) on the topic. Presentation on the theme "History of Christmas tree decorations" Presentation New Year's toy senior group
In a presentation for older children preschool age"History of Christmas tree decorations" collected material on the emergence and preservation in Russia of the tradition of creating Christmas tree decorations and decorating green beauties with them
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The history of Christmas tree decorations The history of Christmas tree decorations
New Year's beauty
The first Christmas trees in Russia appeared a very long time ago, but they were not decorated, but they began to do it a little later, repeating the European fashion. There were no Russian-made Christmas toys at that time, they were ordered in Europe. Even then, Christmas decorations were clearly divided into decorations for the wealthy and for those who are poorer. Buying a glass toy for a resident of Russia at that time was the same as buying a car for a modern Russian. Christmas balls were heavy, since they learned how to make thin glass only by the beginning of the 20th century
What kind of toys used to decorate the Christmas tree? glass cardboard
Cotton Porcelain
First glass toys on the territory of Russia began to be made in Klin before the First World War. There, artel craftsmen blew glass products for pharmacies and other needs. But during the war years, captured Germans taught them how to blow balls and beads. By the way, the Klin factory Yolochka, by the way, to this day remains the only factory in Russia that makes beads for Christmas trees.
In addition to glass, toys were made from cardboard. Toys glued from two halves of convex tinted cardboard and wonderful toys were obtained
There were also toys made of cotton wool wound on a wire frame: this is how the figures of children, angels, clowns, and sailors were decorated. Fake fruits made of papier-mâché and velvet were hung on the Christmas trees.
Christmas decorations reflected the history of our country. If there was a military time, then Christmas tree decorations were made by such soldiers - airplanes, various combat vehicles. Even military battles were painted on the balls
When it came Peaceful time, toys immediately turned into magical fakirs Fairy tale characters
In houses and Christmas trees In animals
Into the Stars In Fruits and Vegetables
And, of course, in a lot of colorful balls!
Christmas tree of your fathers and mothers, grandfathers and grandmothers
Now the Christmas tree is most often decorated with balls
And handmade toys
And Christmas trees are now unusual From balls
Christmas tree growing from the ceiling
Christmas tree all in lanterns
Christmas tree from ties Christmas tree from pencils
But the most beautiful Christmas tree, which is decorated with different toys!
Guys, love, store, appreciate and take care of toys! It's so wonderful when we are all surrounded by BEAUTY!
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story of christmas toys
How Christmas toys appeared In the distant past, all Christmas tree decorations were edible - waffle and sugar figurines, nuts, fruits and vegetables, sweets.
How Christmas decorations appeared Toys were also made from rags, straw and colored ribbons.
How Christmas decorations appeared In the 18th century, colorful paper flowers, angels, appeared. They gilded nuts and cones, painted eggshell, weaving chains.
How Christmas decorations appeared At the beginning of the 20th century, Christmas trees were decorated with cotton toys and paper garlands. Cotton toys were made from twisted pressed cotton, which was wound on skeleton frames in the form of animals and people. The painted blanks were covered with a starch paste with mica, which made them hard and slightly shiny.
How Christmas decorations appeared By the middle of the 20th century, the assortment Christmas decorations became very rich, although they were made from less efficient materials than today. But a lot of imagination was invested in them. A variety of birds and animals were stamped from silver-plated cardboard.
How Christmas decorations appeared In the second half of the 20th century, the first Christmas balls clear or colored glass. Silver and gold dust was used to paint Christmas decorations. Each toy is handmade.
How Christmas decorations appeared The glassblowers' fantasy knew no bounds: they made birds, Santa Clauses, bunches of grapes, as well as all sorts of things - whoever comes to mind: jugs, pipes, in which you could even blow. Christmas decorations changed depending on the fashion.
How Christmas decorations appeared We produced toys depicting technology
How Christmas decorations appeared in the form of vegetables and fruits
How Christmas decorations appeared In the form of space satellites and astronauts
How Christmas decorations appeared in the form of Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
The history of the New Year's toy
This presentation is intended for students in grades 3-4. It shows in detail the process of making Christmas tree decorations, used a lot of photos....
New Year's toy "Ball" (step by step drawing)
Step-by-step drawing of a New Year's toy "Ball". A resource for art lessons and extracurricular activities. This resource can be used for individual, group and collective work....
Tatiana Petrenko
Presentation "Christmas toys"
Project "Christmas tree toys»
for the 2nd junior group.
Project relevance:
The project is aimed at expanding children's knowledge about the objective world. The problem of interaction between preschool teachers and parents of pupils, their involvement in the life of the kindergarten and the group is also relevant.
Only by joining forces, we will provide excellent conditions for the education of morality, feelings of love and affection for our culture, our people through reasonable, rational use national holidays based on folklore, creativity, traditions and customs.
Objective of the project: Introduction to culture new year holiday, its traditions; development of artistic and aesthetic attitude to the surrounding reality, enrichment of children's impressions.
Tasks:
1. Introduce a variety of New Year's toys and the tradition of decorating the Christmas tree.
2. Development of artistic and aesthetic abilities, skills and abilities of productive activity.
3. Promote the interaction of children and parents in the manufacture and collection of New Year's toys.
From the history of the Christmas tree toys.
(information for children of a cognitive nature)
How and where did they first appear Christmas decorations- history is silent. We only know that at first they were very, very simple, but gradually became more complex and interesting.
Before the tree was dressed up "edible decorations"- apples, waffles, nuts in gold papers, other fruits and sweets, honey gingerbread. And only then the first ones appear "inedible" Christmas decorations.
In Russia, the first Christmas trees toys were not made of glass, as, presumably, in other countries, and from improvised materials - rags, straw, colored ribbons, and later from paper and foil. There were even special workshops that did this.
Also in our country, cotton toys. The basis for the figurine of a cotton man was a wire frame wrapped with cotton wool. Eyes, eyebrows and nose were painted with a brush, cheeks were blushed with a cotton swab. The costume was cut out of white or pre-dyed cotton wool. The finished figure was covered with glue. Large figures, usually depicting Father Frost and the Snow Maiden, were placed under the Christmas tree.
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The history of the appearance of New Year's toys Completed by: Lidiya Litovchenko, student of the 6th "A" class of the MBOU, Irkutsk, secondary school No. 77 Head: Konstantinova E.O.
The purpose of the project: To learn the history of the appearance of New Year's toys in different historical periods
Tasks: Find out what were the first toys in Russia. Learn how Christmas toys are made. Determine when the tradition of decorating the Christmas tree began.
The History of the New Year's Tradition In ancient times, the Celtic peoples had a custom of worshiping natural forces. It was believed that nature inhabited by various supernatural beings, and in order to receive their help, it was necessary to make sacrifices, thus proving one's respect. They believed that spirits live in the branches of trees, the location of which determines the harvest and fertility.
The first toys So, the first Christmas decorations were exclusively edible. They were apples, potatoes, eggs, nuts, waffles, gingerbread, figured sugar and candies. This is no coincidence. All edible decorations meant something.
The story of the appearance of the New Year's ball According to legend, there was once a lean year, and there were few apples. Then glassblowers from the town of Lauscha in Thuringia in 1848 offered a temporary replacement for this fruit. It was there that the first glass balls were made from transparent and colored glass. They immediately won hearts, so very soon their production became mass and profitable business. A decree was issued on the use of silver balls from Laushi as Christmas decorations.
New Year in Russia In Russia, the custom of celebrating the New Year on the night of December 31 to January 1 was introduced by Peter I, and he also ordered that the spruce should become the symbol of the New Year.
Variety of Christmas toys
Museum of Christmas Tree Decorations On September 18, 2008, a unique, the only Museum of Christmas tree decorations in Russia - "Klinskoye Compound" was opened! "Klinskoye Compound" is a museum of Christmas decorations in the city of Klin near Moscow. This museum is young and so far the only one in Russia. The museum is located in a nice modern tower.
Have you ever seen such trees?
Conclusion After reviewing the literature on this issue, I came to the conclusion that initially New Year's toys were not what they are now. In the course of the research, I studied the history of the emergence of the tradition of decorating a Christmas tree and the process of making Christmas tree decorations. All my tasks have been completed.
References Andreeva E.L. Christmas decorations. [ Electronic resource] Museum of Christmas decorations "Klinskoye Compound". Date of visit: 01/10/2013. Time: 2.41 pm. Access mode: http://www.klinvk.ru/history.html. Zhdanova L.I. Christmas tree decorations. Do it yourself. – M.: Hatber-press, 2007 – 265 p. Elizarova E.M. [Electronic resource] Educational magazine School of Life. RU. Date of visit: 02/12/2013. Time: 10.35. Access mode: http://shkolazhizni.ru/archive/0/n-32853/. Salnikova A.A. The history of Christmas decorations. - M.: New Literary Review, 2011 - 384 p. History of New Year's toys. [Electronic resource] KostromaMa. RU. Date of visit: 14.01.2013. Time: 12.11. Access mode: http://www.kostromama.ru/articles/holidays/article/Istoriia_novogodneii_igruschki.html
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Performed by a student of the 11th grade of the secondary school No. 2 of the city of Pechora Kaneva Maria
The history of Soviet New Year's toys.
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A bit from the history of the New Year in the USSR ...
At the dawn of formation Soviet Union(in 1927) as part of an anti-religious company, the Bolsheviks banned the Christmas tree and Christmas decorations. "Only the one who is a friend of the priests is ready to celebrate the Christmas tree." (Agitation slogan of the 1920s) “The guys are deceived that Santa Claus brought them gifts. The religiosity of the guys begins with the Christmas tree. The ruling exploiting classes also use the “nice” Christmas tree and the “kind” Santa Claus also in order to turn the working people into obedient and patient servants of capital.” (“Materials for Anti-Religious Propaganda on Christmas Days”, 1927)
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New Year traditions returned only in 1935. From a letter from Pavel Postyshev, a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, published by the Pravda newspaper on December 28, 1935: “In pre-revolutionary times, the bourgeoisie and bourgeois officials always arranged a Christmas tree for their children on New Year's Eve. The workers' children looked enviously through the window at the Christmas tree sparkling with multi-colored lights and the rich children having fun around it. Why do our schools, orphanages, nurseries, children's clubs, palaces of pioneers deprive the children of working people of this wonderful pleasure Soviet country? Some, none other than "leftist" benders, denounced this children's entertainment as a bourgeois undertaking. This wrong condemnation of the Christmas tree, which is a wonderful entertainment for children, should be put to an end. Let's organize a fun New Year's Eve for children, arrange a good Soviet Christmas tree in all cities and collective farms.
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In the same year, in November, at the first congress of the Stakhanovists, Stalin said his famous phrase: "Life has become better, life has become more fun, comrades!" In general, the Christmas tree, which was so unexpectedly allowed, became a confirmation happy life of the proletariat, a joyful childhood, as well as school uniforms (girls began to wear white aprons and brown dresses to school, and boys - blue suits) and many other seemingly insignificant details.
slide 5
Soviet New Year's toys.
In the 1930s and 1940s, Christmas trees were decorated with homemade or handicraft toys bought from the market. In schools and kindergartens, children learned to make new Year decoration from cotton wool, cardboard, papier-mâché, cut out paper garlands, assemble structures from tubes and glass beads on wire.
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Factory jewelry at that time was a luxury item and a great rarity, but they mass production gradually improved. One of the first to establish serial production of New Year's wire toys was the Moskabel plant.
Slide 7
According to the New Year's toys from the times of the USSR, you can literally study the history of our country. figurines of children, fairy tale characters, clowns, ballerinas, outlandish birds and animals, fruits and vegetables, of course, remained from pre-revolutionary times.
But the angels were replaced by bright symbols of the Soviet era: balls with a sickle and a hammer, "ruby" stars, athletes and pioneers with red flags, Budenovites, Red Army soldiers, women in padded jackets and scarlet scarves.
Slide 8
In addition to patriotic propaganda symbols, “classic stories” from the school curriculum were very popular: Ivan Tsarevich, the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, Ruslan and Lyudmila, brother Rabbit and brother Fox, Little Red Riding Hood, Puss in Boots, Crocodile with Totosha and Kokosha, Dr. Aibolit.
Slide 9
With the release of the film "Circus" (in 1936), figurines on circus themes became popular: clowns, tigers, trained dogs, other animals, illusionists, fakirs and entertainers.
Slide 10
The development of the North was marked by the appearance of figurines of polar explorers.
A separate theme in the history of the Soviet New Year's toy is the theme of the war in Spain. In 1938, a glass ball was released with two aircraft, one of which dives the other.
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The era of aeronautics also found its worthy reflection in Christmas decorations in the form of airships, airplanes, parachutes and skydivers with the inscription "USSR".
slide 12
IN Soviet time the "image" of the Soviet Santa Claus was also developed. Our Father Frost began to resemble the bourgeois Santa Claus only with a gray beard, fur clothes and a red bag with gifts. Otherwise, the Soviet Santa Claus does not look like a plump dwarf, he is a tall, mature hero. The fur coat of Santa Claus, unlike Santa Claus, goes down to the heels, is girdled not with a belt, but with a sash. On the head of Santa Claus is a hat with an even edge without any tassels and pompons. Hands - in huge mittens, and on the feet - either red boots or "patriotic" boots.
Yes, and he comes to Santa Claus not on deer, but on a Russian troika ... And not only one, but with a charming young lady - the Snow Maiden, who has no analogues in any country.
slide 13
During the Great Patriotic War(in 1941-1945) decorating the New Year tree was mandatory - it reminded the soldiers of peaceful life, gave strength and hope for an early victory. At the same time, on the fronts, Christmas trees were decorated with figurines, which were made from shoulder straps, bandages, and socks. Factories also continued to produce Christmas toys, albeit in limited series. "Military" Christmas trees were decorated with "soldiers", "tanks", "Stalinist armored cars", "pistols", "medical dogs", and on New Year's greeting cards during the Second World War, Santa Claus beat the Nazis ...
