The railway arch of the bridge to the Crimea is fixed on fairway supports. On the bridge in Crimea, the installation of an automobile arch begins next to the span for trains. Why are there different arches of the Crimean bridge?

The construction of the Crimean bridge across the Kerch Strait was planned for several decades. And only in 2015 the project documentation was finally finalized and the decision was made to start work. The bridge should not only connect the mainland of Russia and Crimea, but also organically fit into the transport infrastructure. It was these reasons that guided the authors of the project, presenting it to the media and answering the questions of journalists “why do we need an arch on the Crimean bridge”?

Why do we need road and railway arches on the Kerch bridge: reasons

The bridge across the Kerch Strait is a unique structure that is surrounded by rumors and conjectures even at the construction stage. Journalists are concerned about the question, why do we need an arch on the Crimean bridge?

There were several reasons for this decision:

The bridge connects the Taman and Kerch Peninsulas, passing through the island of Tuzla. Due to the fact that a special ring road around the Black Sea is being built, it was decided to put a railway and automobile arches on the bridge. Therefore, only ignorant and ignorant journalists have the question “why are the arches on the Kerch bridge”;
The bridge has approaches that consist of highways and railways. Therefore, the project provided for the appearance of such structures. How many arches will be on the Crimean bridge and how many of them should be there - the builders asked such questions. And then they decided to stop at two. This is due to the fact that several important highways adjoin the bridge - Taurida and Kerch-Novorossiysk;
An important role is also played by the reason for the arch on the Crimean bridge, that the ferry across the strait does not work in bad weather. As a result, it is impossible to transport cars, buses, food, people;
During one of the press conferences dedicated to the crossing, the journalists found out why the railway arch would be installed on the Crimean bridge. In particular, it is necessary to optimize the work of the ports of Kavkaz and Taman by connecting them by rail.

How many arches will be on the Kerch bridge: design features

In Crimea, the construction of the Tavrida highway is in full swing, which should connect Kerch, Sevastopol and Simferopol. In this regard, the inhabitants of the peninsula do not have a question why they need an automobile or railway arch on the Crimean bridge. They understand that this is a chance to increase the tourist flow to the resorts.

People who are not familiar with the crossing project ask the media and the Internet how many arches the Crimean bridge will have. If you go to the official website of the project, you can read that there will be two such designs. They will allow cars and trains to travel from the mainland to Crimea.

Due to the need to optimize the infrastructure of the peninsula, the question was raised as to why arches are needed on the Kerch bridge. It was difficult to install navigable structures, but such operations on the water are fully justified, since the appearance of arches will solve many problems, primarily transport ones.

Given the complexity of crossing from one side of the strait to another, they added structures to the project. But not all people fully understand why there are arches on the Kerch bridge. This will greatly facilitate the delivery of goods, connect Crimea with other regions of the country, and allow you to easily visit relatives on the mainland.

Thus, the navigable spans of the bridge and why arches were needed on the Crimean bridge were decided at the initial stage of construction. Now the structures are installed on supports, which allows further work on the construction of the roadway.

The floating pillars delivered the road arched span of the Crimean Bridge to the target between the fairway pillars by 19:30. Builders are preparing for the next stage of the offshore operation: lifting cables are fixed on the arch, after which many hours of work will begin to prepare the lifting equipment for operation. The lifting of the structure to a design height of 35 meters is expected to begin on 12 October.

Lifting cables are attached to the lifting beams of the arch span - such beams are installed under the lower part of the arch - along the edges - especially for lifting it to the design height. All lifting equipment was installed and examined on the fairway supports: truss lifts (aggregates for lifting the arch), working platforms, equipment and fixtures (rope jacks, pumping stations, and so on).

12 jacks will be involved in lifting the road arch, which weighs about 5.5 thousand tons. The carrying capacity of each jack is 650 tons, that is, the total carrying capacity of the equipment is 7800 tons, which gives a 30% margin for the lifting capacity of the system when working with the road arch of the Crimean bridge.

After the lifting cables are fixed, the load will be gradually transferred to the jacks: first, 5% of the weight of the superstructure, then 50%, then 100%. As a result of these actions, the arch will rise from the floating supports by 1 meter. Then the builders will step by step check the reliability of the structures of the units and slinging elements. For an hour, the arch will be held in suspension, and only after that will the further rise of the arched span begin.

The estimated average speed of the arch span is 5 meters per hour.

Up to 30 people are involved in the arch lifting and installation operation in one shift (engineers, slingers, welders, surveyors, quality control specialists).

In total, the installation of the road arch on the fairway will not exceed 72 hours. At this time, navigation in the Kerch-Yenikalsky Canal is limited. As soon as the builders confirm the reliability of fixing the arch span at the design height, navigation of ships along the fairway will resume in the standard mode.

Reference

The length of the navigable span of the Crimean bridge is 227 meters.The underbridge clearance with a width of 185 meters and a height of 35 meters provides unhindered passage of all ships plying through the Kerch-Yenikal Canal.

The road arched span is structurallyarch with a rigid tightening. Designed to pass four lanes, including safety lanes. The width of the span is 30 meters in tightening (lower part), 15 meters at the top point, the height at the highest point is 45 meters.

floating system – these are floating supports with an arched span submerged and fixed on them. It is based on pontoons united like a catamaran and equipped with specialized deck equipment.

SIMFEROPOL, August 29 - RIA Novosti, Maxim Groznov. The railway arch of the bridge under construction across the Kerch Strait weighing 6,000 tons is fixed on fairway supports at a height of 35 meters above the water level, the Crimean Bridge information center reported.

Expert on the stage of construction of the bridge to the Crimea: "we have something to brag about"The builders began to raise the arch on the fairway supports of the bridge to the Crimea. Expert Oleg Skvortsov spoke on Sputnik radio about the difficulties the builders managed to overcome.

The operation to install the railway arch span of the bridge across the Kerch Strait began on Sunday morning, shipping traffic in the strait was suspended for 72 hours. The arched span, 227 meters long and 45 meters high, was transported to the fairway supports with the help of floaters. Late in the evening on Monday, the arch was lifted with the help of powerful jacks, which was successfully completed on Tuesday morning.

"The railway arch of the Crimean Bridge has been raised onto the fairway supports and securely fixed at a design height of 35 meters from the water. The ship and aeronautical signaling system is already working on the structure. The final installation on the fairway supports will take another three weeks," the report says.

"The production of the arch, its assembly on stocks during the year, the manufacture of the floating systems on which it was loaded, the fixing of the arch on powerful fairway supports: all together - this is a unique operation. We have gathered the best specialists who were able to do this, and we are very grateful to them for this," Arkady Rotenberg, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Stroygazmontazh LLC, quotes the information center.

The floating supports, with the help of which the arch was towed, returned to the Kerch coast for testing and re-equipment. After carrying out the necessary procedures, a road arch weighing 5,000 tons will be transported and installed. As a result, two arched spans will rise above the fairway, under which ships will pass unhindered, the Crimean Bridge information center noted.

The bridge across the Kerch Strait, which will connect the Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory, will be the longest in Russia - its length will be 19 kilometers. The start of traffic on the bridge is scheduled for December 2018.

Automobile and railway arched spans are assembled at an open technological site, which is located on the Kerch coast. For the first time in domestic bridge building, such an extended arched span over the sea area has been designed and is being created.

“Arched spans are the largest elements of the Crimean bridge. Their total weight is about 10 thousand tons. The length of each span is 227 meters. In fact, this is the length of two football fields. Enlargement of such overall structures is carried out on stocks - special stands equipped with lifting and construction and installation equipment. Here the arches are built up in blocks from the center to the edges. Gradually, they will take on the form set by the designers - reminiscent of a stretched bow," said Dmitry Kondakov, Deputy General Director of the SGM-Most company.

Now the assembly of the lower part of each arched span is taking place on the stocks - these are structures along which transport will subsequently go. Blocks are fastened with high-strength bolted connections and welding. Only for the construction of the railway arch, more than 1 million bolts, nuts and washers are provided. In this large-scale manual production, the tightening of each bolt is controlled and adjusted. The tension force specified by the project is provided by torque wrenches.

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Chief Engineer of FKU "Uprdor" "Taman" Yuri Safonov said that the control over the assembly of arches is carried out around the clock, in several stages, since these are complex, massive structures.

“As a result, we will get two almost identical outwardly structures. At the same time, an automobile arched span will weigh 4.5 thousand tons, and a railway span will weigh a thousand tons more. It has more elements that will ensure the necessary rigidity and resistance of the span to deformations - when heavy freight cars are moving, ”safonov explained.

Work on the assembly of arched spans will last about a year. Ready-made structures from the slipways will be lowered onto the floating system and transported by water to the fairway of the Kerch-Yenikal canal. Then they will be mounted in the design position on permanent supports. The span structures will be installed above the navigation corridor at a height of 35 meters from the water surface. Such a surface clearance will ensure unhindered passage under the Crimean bridge of ships plying from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov and back.

Bridge home

Currently, Crimea is connected with the main territory of the Russian Federation through air and ferry traffic.

The bridge across the Kerch Strait is currently being built by more than 3,000 workers from all over Russia. More than 800 designers took part in the development of the project.

The construction is scheduled to be completed in December 2018, when traffic on the bridge will be opened in working mode. In 2019, after the completion of all commissioning and landscaping, the bridge will be put into operation.