Acceptance of the duty of the operator of the centralization post. Duty station post of centralization
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1. General requirements for labor protection
1.1. This Instruction has been developed in accordance with the rules for labor protection in the transportation sector and establishes the basic requirements for labor protection when performing work by the operator of the centralization post of Russian Railways (hereinafter referred to as the operator of the centralization post).
On the basis of this Instruction, in accordance with the Rules for the development, construction, execution and designation of regulatory documents on labor protection, approved by order of Russian Railways OJSC dated December 29, 2011 N 2849r, and other regulatory documents of Russian Railways OJSC by the head structural unit the development and approval of an instruction on labor protection for the operator of the centralization post is organized, taking into account local conditions for a particular workplace and job duties.
1.2. The following are allowed to work independently as an operator of a centralization post:
persons who have reached the age of eighteen;
having at least secondary vocational (technical) education;
past:
mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) medical examination;
introductory and primary briefings on labor protection and fire safety;
internship in labor protection;
initial test of knowledge of labor protection requirements.
In case of a break in work at the position for more than 1 year, the operator of the centralization post must undergo an internship in labor protection and an examination of knowledge of labor protection requirements.
1.3. During labor activity the operator of the centralization post in the prescribed manner passes:
periodic medical examinations (examinations);
repeated briefing on labor protection (at least once every three months);
unscheduled briefing on labor protection;
labor protection training during technical studies and professional development;
another test of knowledge of labor protection requirements.
1.4. The operator of the centralization post is obliged to comply with the internal labor regulations established in the structural unit, to know his rights, obligations, to bear responsibility in accordance with Labor Code Russian Federation for failure to perform or improper performance of their duties.
Execution not allowed job duties by the operator of the centralization post in a state of alcoholic, narcotic or toxic intoxication. If the operator of the centralization post is identified, who is at the workplace in a state of alcoholic, narcotic or toxic intoxication, he is suspended from work and removed from the territory of the unit in the manner determined by the structural unit.
When working outdoors during the cold season at low temperatures, breaks for heating are provided to prevent cooling and frostbite. The duration and procedure for providing such breaks are established by the internal labor regulations or a local document of the structural unit.
1.5. The operator of the centralization post must know in the scope of his duties:
Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
internal labor regulations;
regulatory documents of Russian Railways, the railway, the Central Directorate of Traffic Control on the organization of train traffic and shunting work;
technical and administrative act and technological process (technological map) of the work of the railway station;
rules and instructions for labor protection, sanitary norms and rules, including the requirements of this Instruction;
the effect on humans of dangerous and harmful production factors arising during work, and measures to protect against their impact;
safe work practices;
visible and sound signals that ensure the safety of train traffic, as well as the procedure for fencing an obstacle to train traffic that has arisen on the railway track;
requirements for electrical safety, fire safety, fire regime, industrial sanitation;
actions during liquidation of emergency situations with dangerous goods;
issues of civil defense and action in emergency situations;
methods and measures to provide first aid to victims;
location of primary fire extinguishing equipment, storage of first aid kit;
instructions and other regulatory documents establishing the duties of the duty officer on the hill.
1.6. The operator of the centralization post is obliged:
perform the work included in his official duties and entrusted by the heads of the railway station and shift;
apply safe practices when performing work and technological operations;
comply with the requirements of prohibiting, warning, indicating and prescriptive signs, inscriptions, visible and sound signals;
be extremely careful in places of movement of railway rolling stock and vehicles;
pass through the territory of the railway station along the established routes of the service (technological) passage, pedestrian tunnels, bridges and crossings;
comply with fire safety requirements, have the skills to use fire-fighting equipment and inventory;
know and follow the safety measures and procedures established technological documentation and this Instruction;
fulfill the obligations of an employee in the field of labor protection, established by Article 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, including:
compliance with labor protection requirements;
proper use of personal and collective protective equipment;
passing training in safe methods of performing work and providing first aid to victims, briefings on labor protection, internships and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements;
immediate notification of their immediate or superior manager of any situation that threatens the life and health of people, of each accident that occurred at work, or of the deterioration of their health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute occupational disease (poisoning);
passing obligatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic medical examinations.
1.7. In the process of work, the operator of the centralization post may be affected by the following hazardous and harmful production factors:
moving railway rolling stock, vehicles;
increased noise level;
high or low air temperature;
high humidity and air movement.
In the event of an emergency, the operator of the centralization post may be exposed to hazardous factors of explosion, fire, and chemicals.
1.8. In order to prevent or reduce the impact of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors, as well as to protect against pollution, the head of the structural unit ensures the purchase at the expense of the unit and the issuance of certified personal protective equipment (special clothing, special footwear) in accordance with the established "Model norms for the free issue of certified special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to employees railway transport Russian Federation, employed in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, as well as in work performed in special temperature conditions or associated with pollution "of October 22, 2008 N 582 / n:
Set "Dvizhenets-L" or
Suit "Defectoscopist-L"
Raincoat for protection against water
1 for 3 years
Yuft boots with polyurethane soles
Boots made of PVC or
Rubber boots
Combined gloves or
Polymer Coated Gloves
Signal headgear
1 for 2 years
Signal vest 2 protection class
In winter additionally:
Set for protection against low temperatures "Dvizhenets" or
on belts
Suit for protection against low temperatures "Defectoscopist"
on belts
Short fur coat or
on belts
Fur-lined short coat, or
on belts
Jacket with fur lining
on belts
Hat with ear flaps with sound-conducting inserts
on belts
Warm mittens or
on belts
Warm gloves
on belts
Yuft boots insulated with oil and frost-resistant soles or
on belts
Felt boots (boots felted) with a rubber bottom
on belts
1.9. Personal protective equipment (PPE) issued to the operator of the centralization post must be appropriate for the size, gender of the worker, as well as the nature and conditions of the work performed by him.
In order to ensure timely washing and dry-cleaning of special clothing, it is allowed to issue two sets of special clothing to the operator of the centralization post for a double period of wearing (the procedure for issuing is regulated by the administrative document of the head of the structural unit).
1.10. Personal and work clothes and footwear should be stored separately in wardrobes. During the operation of personal protective equipment, the operator of the centralization post must monitor their serviceability, keep them clean and tidy.
1.11. The operator of the centralization post is not allowed to perform work without personal protective equipment, as well as in faulty, unrepaired and contaminated PPE.
He must notify the head of the railway station about the failure (malfunction) of personal protective equipment.
During the performance of work on the railway tracks (in the territory of the railway station), the operator of the centralization post is obliged to wear an orange signal vest with stripes of retroreflective material with stencils "DS" on the back, indicating belonging to the unit, and "D" on the left side of the chest, indicating belonging to the directorate (hereinafter referred to as the signal vest).
(the paragraph was introduced by order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
1.12. Special clothing and footwear issued to the operator of the centralization post is the property of Russian Railways and is subject to mandatory return at the end of the wearing period, as well as upon dismissal or transfer to another job, for which the issued personal protective equipment is not provided for by standard norms.
1.13. The operator of the centralization post must comply with the following fire safety requirements:
smoking in places specially designated for this purpose, with the inscription "Smoking Area", provided with fire extinguishing equipment and equipped with bins or boxes with sand (defined by the local document for the unit);
operate electrical household equipment authorized by the head of the structural unit, in accordance with the instructions (passport) for its operation;
do not leave unattended electric heaters connected to the network.
1.14. The operator of the centralization post is prohibited from:
use faulty, self-made, with loose and bare wires, with damaged or lost the protective properties of electrical wiring insulation of household electrical appliances, switches, knife switches, plug sockets and other electrical equipment;
use electric stoves, electric kettles and other electrical appliances that do not have protection devices, without stands made of non-combustible materials;
store explosive substances, flammable and combustible liquids in office premises;
approach rolling stock, track machines, flammable materials and containers with flammable and combustible liquids with an open flame.
1.15. In the process of work, the operator of the centralization post must comply with the rules of personal hygiene, sanitary requirements for storage and eating. Eating should be in canteens, buffets or in specially designated rooms (places) with appropriate equipment. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating.
The operator of the centralization post should drink boiled water stored in special closed tanks (tanks) protected from dust and other harmful substances. It is allowed to use bottled water or unboiled water from the domestic water supply system if there is a permit for this consumption from the center of state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance.
1.16. While on the railway tracks, the operator of the centralization post is obliged:
during the passage through the territory of the railway station, be vigilant, listen to loudspeaker announcements and warning signals, distribute your attention between the movement of rolling stock and the implementation official duties;
pass along specially established routes of service and technological passages;
comply with the requirements of safety signs, visible and audible signals and warning colors applied to structures and devices, pay attention to devices and objects located on the route: limit posts, turnouts, drainage trays and wells, signaling devices, centralization and blocking, contact networks, oversized places and other obstacles (the list of oversized and dangerous places of the railway station is indicated in the instructions for labor protection for the operator of the centralization post, developed at the railway station);
when passing along railway tracks, go in the middle of the inter-track, along the side of the subgrade or away from the railway track no closer than 2.5 m from the outermost rail, while you must carefully monitor the movements of the rolling stock on adjacent tracks, for objects protruding beyond the outline of the dimensions rolling stock (open doors, wagon sides, wire and other items);
when a rolling stock approaches or during shunting movements, it is required to move to the side of the track or to another inter-track at a safe distance in advance so as not to be between moving units simultaneously moving on adjacent tracks, and not to be in the area of an oversized (dangerous) place, wait for the passage or stop rolling stock and then continue moving;
upon detection (visual or sound) of an approaching rolling stock, employees who find themselves on the train route in the dimensions of the rolling stock must move away from the railway tracks to the side of the subgrade, including the adjacent railway track, remove tools, fixtures, materials, products at a distance not less than 2.5 m from the edge rail at set train speeds up to 120 km/h, at least 4 m from the edge rail at set speeds of 121-140 km/h and at least 5 m from the edge rail at set speeds of more than 140 km/h;
when you are on a track adjacent to the train passage route with a speed of over 140 km / h, after reporting the passage of the train no later than 10 minutes, work must be stopped, you must step aside at a distance of at least 5 m from the outermost rail the path that the train must follow;
when employees are on the tracks of railway stations, it is allowed to move to the middle of a wide inter-track (in the case of a train moving along an adjacent railway track);
if you are forced to stay between the tracks between trains, locomotives and other moving units moving on adjacent tracks, you must immediately squat down (squat) or lie down on the ground in the between tracks parallel to the railway tracks;
one should cross the railway tracks in the established places (on pedestrian bridges, tunnels, decks), and in their absence - at right angles to the axis of the track, after making sure that there is no approaching rolling stock, stepping over the rails, not stepping on the rails and the ends of the sleepers;
crossing a railway track occupied by standing rolling stock should be carried out in the absence of an approaching rolling stock (shunting) on the adjacent track along serviceable transition platforms of wagons, having previously made sure that the handrails, steps and floor of the platform are in good condition, that they are not iced, snowed;
rise and leave the transition platform of a standing car should be facing the car, holding the handrails with both hands, while the hands should be free from any objects, having previously examined the place of the descent and making sure that there are no approaching rolling stock along the adjacent railway track and obstacles in the middle of the track or on the side of the track (in the dark, this place should be illuminated with a hand lamp);
before starting the ascent to the transition platform of the car, you should make sure that there is no permissive indication of the traffic light and sound signals given by the locomotive before departure;
bypassing groups of wagons or locomotives standing on the railway track should be at a distance of at least 5 m from the automatic coupler of the outermost wagon or locomotive;
pass between the uncoupled units of the rolling stock should be at a distance between their automatic couplers of at least 10 m, in the middle of the gap;
follow the readings of traffic lights, sound signals, signs, the position of the arrows and warnings transmitted via park two-way communication about the movement of trains and shunting movements of rolling stock;
be attentive and careful while on the tracks, especially in case of poor visibility, heavy snowfalls, fogs, strong noise generated by working machinery or passing rolling stock, in winter, when headgear impairs the audibility of signals.
When employees are in the area of movement of high-speed and high-speed trains, it is required to comply with the Rules for labor protection when servicing high-speed and high-speed railway lines of Russian Railways and additional security measures established by local documents.
(clause 1.16 as amended by the order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
1.17. While on the railway tracks, the operator of the centralization post is prohibited from:
cross (run across) railway tracks in front of a moving railway rolling stock or immediately behind a passing train without making sure that a railway rolling stock is not moving along an adjacent railway track;
climb on the steps of the wagons and get off them while moving;
climb on locomotives;
to crawl (crawl) under standing wagons, climb on or under automatic couplers, cross railway tracks along wagon frames;
stand or sit on the rails and the ends of the sleepers, electric drives, way boxes, wagon retarders and other floor and ground devices;
be in the middle of the track when the trains run on adjacent railway tracks;
cross railway tracks within turnouts, put a foot between a wit and a frame rail, a movable core and a guardrail, or into the gutters on a turnout;
when passing rolling stock, be in oversized places marked with signal coloring and / or a sign indicating an oversized place in the gauge of the rolling stock;
enter the inter-car space;
use cellular and radiotelephone communications, audio and video players and other devices not provided for by the technological process of the railway station.
(clause 1.17 as amended by the order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
1.18. When entering the railway track from premises, due to rolling stock, buildings, structures and structures, and in winter, when headgear impairs the audibility of sound signals, as well as in heavy fog, heavy rain, snowfall, blizzard, which impede visibility, audibility of warning signals and approaching rolling stock, before crossing the railway track, the operator of the centralization post is required to:
first make sure that there is no rolling stock moving along it (on both sides) to the crossing point;
in the dark, in addition, wait until the eyes get used to the darkness, wait until the visibility of surrounding objects is established and then continue moving, in places with limited illumination - use a flashlight;
when the rolling stock is approaching, stop in a safe place, let it pass and then continue moving.
(clause 1.18 as amended by the order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
1.19. When on electrified railway tracks, the operator of the centralization post must comply with the following safety requirements:
do not climb onto the supports of the contact network, the roof of the wagon, container or locomotive located under the contact wire;
do not approach yourself or with the help of tools and devices used to live and not fenced wires or parts of the contact network at a distance closer than 2 m, and to broken wires touching the ground - closer than 8 m;
do not touch broken wires of the contact network and foreign objects located on them, regardless of whether they touch the ground and grounded structures or not;
Do not step on electrical wires and cables.
1.20. The operator of the centralization post is prohibited from:
be in the performance of duties in a state of alcoholic, toxic or narcotic intoxication;
touch broken and bare wires, contacts and other live parts of electrical equipment;
start one-time (on the instructions of the head) work that is not related to direct duties, without receiving instructions from the head on security measures and methods of implementation;
to allow the presence of unauthorized persons and foreign objects in the office premises;
use faulty tools and equipment in work.
1.21. The operator of the centralization post must store the tools (inventory) and equipment used in the work in specially designated places.
1.22. About each accident at work, the operator of the centralization post must immediately:
inform the head of the shift or railway station (if present at the station);
provide first aid to the victim (in accordance with the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development dated May 4, 2012 N 477n "On approval of the list of conditions in which first aid is provided and the list of first aid measures") in case of: unconsciousness, respiratory arrest, external bleeding, ingress of a foreign body into the upper respiratory tract, injuries to various areas of the body, burns, effects of exposure to high temperatures, thermal radiation, frostbite and other effects of exposure to low temperatures and poisoning;
take measures to organize the delivery of the victim to a medical institution;
until the arrival of the head of the railway station, keep the situation at the workplace and the state of the equipment as they were at the time of the incident (if this does not threaten the life and health of the surrounding workers and does not lead to an accident), if it is impossible to save the situation, fix it (draw up diagrams, make photographs, take other measures), take urgent measures to prevent the development of an emergency and the impact of traumatic factors on other persons.
1.23. Upon detection of violations of this Instruction, as well as situations that endanger people's lives or are a prerequisite for an accident, the operator of the centralization post must immediately report this to the shift manager or railway station (if present at the station).
1.24. Knowledge and compliance with the requirements of the rules and instructions for labor protection is the official duty of the operator of the centralization post. In case of failure to comply with the requirements of this Instruction, he shall be liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. Labor protection requirements before starting work
2.1. The working area of the operator of the centralization post is the territory of the railway station (routes of the service passage, between the tracks and the shoulders of the railway station), sanitary and service premises (according to the technology of the work performed and job duties). The working area in relation to local conditions is determined in the instruction on labor protection of the unit.
2.2. The location of the target briefing on labor protection for the operator of the centralization post before starting work is determined in the instruction on labor protection of the unit.
2.3. Following the operator of the centralization post on workplace to receive duty and to the amenity premises is carried out along the established routes of the service passage (the procedure is indicated in the instruction on labor protection of the unit).
2.4. Before starting work, the centralization post operator must:
check the serviceability of special clothing and footwear, a signal vest with reflective overlays and the logo of the structural unit and put it on;
fasten overalls with all buttons, fill in the loose ends of the clothes so that they do not hang down and do not restrict movement;
put on a signal vest over clothing, fully fasten;
free pockets from foreign objects with sharp edges, leave a mobile phone and other electronic devices that reduce attention in the domestic room;
check, according to the technological process and the inventory, in the presence of the employee handing over the duty, the serviceability of the equipment, inventory, radio station, lamp, signal accessories, the condition of the workplace, lighting, and, in addition, check the presence and serviceability of seals on the devices;
make sure during external inspection that the lamp housing and light-transmitting glass are intact, and also check the operation of its switch;
receive information about the location of the rolling stock on the tracks of the station at the time the shift was accepted, the necessary instructions on the specifics of work, taking into account weather conditions, report to the shift leader about the duty and agree on their further actions.
2.5. When on the railway tracks during working hours - the headgear of the operator of the centralization post should not impair the audibility of sound signals; overalls and safety shoes must be worn in a complete set.
2.6. When working, the operator of the centralization post must have an official certificate, a warning ticket for labor protection.
2.7. In the cold season with severe frosts, the operator of the centralization post must, before leaving the premises, lubricate open areas of the body with a special ointment or frostbite cream, and also cover the face with a jacket collar (scarf) and use insulated gloves. In severe frosts, in order to avoid frostbite, do not touch metal objects and parts (rails, fasteners, tools, equipment) with bare hands.
2.8. At stations with automated workstations equipped with personal computers (PCs) and video display terminals (VDTs), operators of the centralization post are allowed to work, who have undergone initial training on labor protection instructions when working with PCs and VDTs.
2.9. The operator of the centralization post must report all identified violations in the maintenance of the workplace and deficiencies in labor protection (when accepting a shift and during work) to the shift manager or the employee of the railway station, determined by the local document of the structural unit, in order to take measures to eliminate them. In the event of a danger to life and health, do not start work until the violation is eliminated.
(as amended by the order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
3. Labor protection requirements during work
3.1. The operator of the centralization post must perform the work that is defined by him. official duties, was entrusted with the shift leader. When performing work, he must comply with the requirements of the technological process of the railway station, these Instructions.
3.2. The operator of the centralization post, before the start of the technological break in work, must report to the immediate supervisor about his location, and after it ends, about his readiness to start work.
3.3. While on the railway tracks of the station, the operator of the centralization post is obliged:
follow the established routes of service and technological passage;
comply with the established safety requirements while on the railway tracks;
at the time of shunting work or train movement on the tracks of a railway station - carefully monitor the movements of the train (locomotive), the signals given by the locomotive driver, the head of shunting work (train compiler, freight train conductor), use information transmitted via loudspeaker and radio communication, leave in a timely manner to a safe place;
take precautions when staying in the zone of oversized (dangerous) places on the station tracks (marked with warning signs "Caution! Oversized place" and standard coloration in the form of alternating yellow and black stripes of equal width at an angle of 45 degrees);
at night or in conditions of poor visibility, use a hand torch.
(clause 3.3 as amended by the order of Russian Railways OJSC dated 09.12.2014 N 2902r)
3.4. In the case of finding (carrying out) work near guarded military echelons located on the railway tracks, it is necessary:
follow all the commands of the guard, give the name and position,
present a certificate, in the dark, allow the guard to illuminate the face to verify the identity with the photograph on the certificate;
after the permission of the guard to continue working next to the composition in the presence of the guard.
3.5. The operator of the centralization post (when cleaning centralized turnouts, checking the freeness of the turnout from the rolling stock, switching the turnout with a kurbel, etc.) must:
perform work after coordinating their actions with the duty officer of the railway station or other employee specified in the TRA of the railway station;
report the end of work to the duty officer of the railway station (another employee) in person.
3.6. If it is necessary to be at a centralized switch (translation by kurbel, checking the correctness of the route preparation, inspection if it is impossible to transfer it from the control panel - in conditions of a malfunction of the signaling devices), the operator of the centralization post must:
follow the established routes of the service (technological) passage to the switch,
when switching the arrow, be located facing the electric drive in the inter-track or on the side of the track, without moving inside the track gauge;
during the switchover, monitor the movement of trains and shunting trains;
listen to messages via loudspeaker and radio communication,
at night and in conditions of poor visibility, use a hand torch.
3.7. During the passage of trains and shunting movements of rolling stock on turnouts and railway tracks, the operator of the centralization post must move to a safe place in advance to the side of the track or the middle of the track.
3.8. Security measures when cleaning centralized turnouts (when these duties are assigned to the operator of the centralization post by a local document for the unit).
It is allowed to clean the turnouts during the breaks between the movement of trains, shunting movements and the dissolution of cars from the marshalling yard, as a rule, during daylight hours, at night - only in cases of emergency caused by adverse meteorological conditions (snowfall, snowstorm, hurricane) . In this case, as well as during the day with poor visibility (fog, blizzard), inside the track, the operator of the centralization post must install a lit hand lamp with red glass and during daylight hours - protect the place of work with a red signal. The work is carried out in a team together with a signalman, who ensures safety measures during work.
During the cleaning of centralized turnouts, the operator of the centralization post must:
warn the duty officer at the railway station about the start of work,
to carry out work after fencing the place of work, in mittens and using serviceable equipment,
be located in the middle of the track or on the side of the track, without moving inside the track, facing towards the expected departure of the rolling stock,
carry out work with extreme caution and within the frame rails between the retracted wit and the frame rail against the electric drive rods - lay a wooden insert,
report the end of work to the duty officer at the railway station in person.
3.9. In the event of a radio communication malfunction (no response from the station duty officer), the centralization post operator must take measures to stop work, contact the railway station duty officer through another employee who is free from technological operations, and report the lack of communication. Agree on the procedure for further work and replacement of the radio station (if possible).
3.10. The operator of the centralization post must carry out work to secure the cars on the railway tracks after they are completely stopped, coordination of actions with the workers involved in the technological operation, using serviceable brake shoes (brake stops).
When securing standing cars, the brake shoe must be taken by the handle, work must be done with combined gloves (mittens).
When securing wagons on the tracks, it is prohibited to install brake shoes:
immediately before the rail joint and at the rail joint;
in front of the crosspiece of the turnout;
on the outer rail of the curve.
The operator of the centralization post is prohibited from:
install a brake shoe under moving cars,
when laying the brake shoe, go into the track track,
place foreign objects under the wheelsets instead of brake shoes to secure the wagons.
Remove the brake shoes with a special hook or with a hand in combined gloves (mittens), holding the handle of the brake shoe.
It is forbidden to use brake shoes:
with a broken head;
with a warped and curved sole;
with a broken, broken, flattened or curved toe of the sole;
with a loose fastening of the head with the sole;
with or without a bent and broken handle;
with damaged or significantly worn sole edges.
The operator of the centralization station must store the brake shoes used in the work on special racks (in office premises) in accordance with the requirements of the technical and administrative act of the railway station.
3.11. In winter, the operator of the centralization post must clear the assigned territory and the route of the service passage from snow and ice, as well as sprinkle sand between work and in the absence of shunting work, having previously agreed this work with the shift leader.
4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations
4.1. Actions in the event of an accident or emergency.
4.1.1. The operator of the centralization post, who received information about the emergency, must act in accordance with the approved plan for the elimination of accidents.
If there are victims, immediately take part in providing the victims with first aid, removing them from the danger zone, in compliance with personal safety measures.
4.1.2. In the event of an incident (emergency) in freight wagons loaded with dangerous goods, the operator of the centralization post, who has detected signs of an emergency situation: steaming, pungent odor, hissing of compressed gas, leakage of dangerous goods, must immediately report this, using any means of communication, to the shift manager or railway station.
In case of fire, leakage, spillage of a hazardous substance, damage to containers or railway rolling stock with dangerous goods and other incidents that can lead to an emergency (explosion, fire, poisoning, radiation, diseases, burns, frostbite, death of people and animals, dangerous consequences for the natural environment), as well as in cases where wagons, containers or packages with dangerous goods are in the zone of an accident on the railway, the operator of the centralization post must act promptly, in compliance with the safety measures established by the requirements of regulatory documents on the transport of dangerous goods, transportation of radioactive substances and the procedure for liquidation of emergency situations with dangerous goods.
In an emergency with dangerous goods, the centralization post operator must take into account the main forms of manifestation of the transport danger of goods, specific safety measures and precautions that must be observed in the elimination of emergencies with dangerous goods, given in group or individual emergency cards.
In the event that the operator of the centralization post on the territory of the station detects a spill or spillage of hazardous or harmful substances from the rolling stock, in order to avoid evaporation, particles of these substances on the skin, it is necessary to bypass the dangerous place on the opposite side of the wind direction, immediately report the incident to the shift manager or railway stations.
4.1.3. In the event of a violation of the loading or unloading gauge on the railway tracks, the operator of the centralization post must report to the duty officer at the railway station (shift leader), if necessary, to the train compiler (freight train conductor).
4.1.4. If suspicious items are found, access to them must be isolated and immediately reported to the shift supervisor or railway station. It is forbidden to carry out any actions with a detected suspicious object.
4.1.5. In the event of unauthorized movement of wagons along the tracks, the operator of the centralization post must immediately, if possible, direct the wagons to a dead end from the control panel, report the departure to the duty officer at the railway station, indicating the number of the track and the direction of movement of the wagons.
4.1.6. In the event of a situation that threatens the lives of people or the safety of train traffic, the operator of the centralization post is obliged to give a signal to stop the train or shunting train, immediately take measures to protect the dangerous place and report to the head of the shift or railway station.
4.1.7. The operator of the centralization post, who has discovered a break in wires or other elements of the contact network, as well as foreign objects hanging from them, is obliged to immediately take measures to fence off the obstacle and inform the duty officer of the railway station (shift leader) about this. Before the arrival of the repair team, the dangerous place is protected by any improvised means and makes sure that no one approaches the broken wires at a dangerous distance closer than 8 m.
In case of getting into the zone of "step voltage", it is necessary to leave it, observing the following safety measures: connect the feet together, slowly, move in small steps, not exceeding the length of the foot, and, without taking your feet off the ground, leave the danger zone.
4.1.8. During a thunderstorm, in order to avoid being struck by lightning, it is not allowed to hide under trees, lean against them, and also approach lightning rods or high single objects (pillars) at a distance of less than 10 m, stay on elevated places and open plains, keep or carry tools and others metal objects. It is necessary to take shelter in enclosed spaces, and at a distance from them - in small depressions on the slopes of hills or slopes (slopes) of embankments or excavations.
4.1.9. To prevent emergency situations, the operator of the centralization post must comply with the technological process (map) of the station and the requirements of this Instruction.
4.2. List of first aid measures
1) Take measures to assess the situation and ensure safe conditions for first aid:
identify threatening factors for one's own life and health;
identify threatening factors for the life and health of the victim;
eliminate (if possible) threatening factors for life and health;
stop (if possible) the effects of damaging factors on the victim;
estimate the number of victims;
remove the victim from the vehicle or other hard-to-reach places (if possible);
move the victim (if necessary).
2) Call an ambulance (if necessary - other special services, whose employees are required to provide first aid in accordance with federal law).
3) Determine the presence of consciousness in the victim.
4) Take measures to restore the patency of the respiratory tract and determine the signs of life in the victim:
tilt your head back with a chin lift;
protrude the lower jaw;
determine the presence of breathing with the help of hearing, sight and touch;
determine the presence of blood circulation, check the presence of a pulse on the main arteries.
5) Carry out measures to conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation until signs of life appear:
hand pressure on the chest of the victim;
artificial respiration "Mouth to mouth";
artificial respiration "Mouth to nose";
artificial respiration using a device for artificial respiration.
6) Carry out measures to maintain airway patency:
giving a stable lateral position;
head tilt with chin lift;
protrusion of the lower jaw.
7) Carry out measures for a general examination of the victim and temporary stop of external bleeding:
general examination of the victim for the presence of bleeding;
digital pressure of the artery;
tourniquet;
maximum flexion of the limb in the joint;
direct pressure on the wound;
applying a pressure bandage.
8) Carry out measures for a detailed examination of the victim in order to identify signs of injuries, poisoning and other conditions that threaten his life and health, and to provide first aid in case of detection of these conditions:
conducting a head examination;
examination of the neck;
conducting a breast examination;
performing a back examination;
examination of the abdomen and pelvis;
examination of the limbs;
applying dressings for injuries of various areas of the body, including sealing for chest wounds;
immobilization (with the help of improvised means, using medical products);
fixation of the cervical spine (manually, with improvised means, using medical devices;
termination of exposure to hazardous chemicals on the victim (gastric lavage by taking water and inducing vomiting, removal from the damaged surface and washing the damaged surface with running water);
local cooling in case of injuries, thermal burns and other effects of high temperatures or thermal radiation;
thermal insulation against frostbite and other effects of exposure to low temperatures.
9) Give the victim an optimal body position.
10) Monitor the condition of the victim (consciousness, breathing, blood circulation) and provide psychological support.
11) Transfer the victim to the ambulance medical care, (if necessary - to other special services, whose employees are required to provide first aid in accordance with federal law).
4.3. Actions to provide first aid to victims
4.3.1. Assistance in cardiac and respiratory arrest (resuscitation).
When the heart and breathing stop, vital functions (heartbeat, breathing) must be restored within 4-5 minutes.
To carry out resuscitation, it is required to lay the victim on a flat hard surface, free the chest from clothing and conduct an indirect heart massage, artificial respiration.
An indirect heart massage is required to be carried out with palms superimposed on one another, with straight arms and sharp jerks, pressing on the region of the lower third of the sternum (pressure frequency 60 - 70 per minute).
When performing artificial respiration, it is required to free the victim's mouth (with gauze or a handkerchief) from foreign bodies (blood clots, mucus, vomit, etc.), pinch the nose, grab the chin, tilt the victim's head back and make a quick full exhalation into the mouth (preferably through gauze or scarf). After two or three deep blows into the mouth of the victim, it is necessary to produce 4-6 pressures in the chest area.
CPR must be carried out prior to arrival medical staff or until the victim has a pulse and spontaneous breathing.
4.3.2. When a victim receives a mechanical injury, accompanied by bleeding, it is necessary to stop the bleeding.
a) In case of arterial bleeding (scarlet blood flows out of the wound in a pulsating stream), it is required to press the artery (carotid, brachial, femoral, etc.) with fingers or a fist, apply a tourniquet. Pressing the artery is carried out through clothing for a short period of time, followed by the application of a tourniquet. The pressure points of the arteries are located on the limbs - above the site of bleeding, and on the neck and head - below the wound or in the wound.
b) It is forbidden to apply a tourniquet on a naked body. Before applying the tourniquet, it is required to straighten the clothes on the limbs or put a fabric without seams, take the tourniquet, put it behind the limb and stretch it with effort, make a coil around the limb above the wound, as close as possible to it. After pressing the first turn of the tourniquet, you need to make sure that there is no bleeding and apply the next turn of the tourniquet with less effort and secure it - you can not overtighten the limb. Under the upper loop of the tourniquet, you need to put a note about the time of its application (date, hour, minutes). A tourniquet on a limb is allowed to be applied for no more than 1 hour. During long-term transportation (after 40 minutes in warmth, after 30 minutes in cold), it is required to gradually loosen the tourniquet for several minutes, until drops of blood appear on the wound, and again tighten it slightly higher or lower than the previous place. Attach a note again indicating the time of re-application of the tourniquet.
In the absence of a tourniquet, you can use a belt (scarf, thick rope), twisting it with a stick with an effort to stop the bleeding. If the tourniquet is incorrectly applied (blue skin and swelling of the extremities), the tourniquet must be immediately applied again.
When applying a tourniquet on the neck, it is required to put a tampon on the wound (package of a bandage, a folded handkerchief), raise the victim's hand from the opposite side of the wound and apply a tourniquet so that the coil of the tourniquet simultaneously covers the arm and neck, pressing the tampon on it.
When applying a tourniquet to the thigh, it is required to press the wound with a bandage pack (rolled napkin), over which a tourniquet is applied to the limb.
c) In case of venous bleeding (blood is darker than with arterial bleeding, flows out of the wound slowly, in a continuous stream), it is required to raise the limb, apply a sterile napkin, a pressure bandage, to the wound.
d) In case of nosebleeds, it is required to compress the wings of the nose, apply a large cotton swab moistened with water or gauze (fabric) folded in several layers to the nose, apply cold to the bridge of the nose.
e) In case of bleeding from the internal organs (pallor of the skin, general weakness, rapid pulse, shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting), it is required to lay the victim down, create peace for him and put cold on his stomach.
4.3.3. Assistance in traumatic limb amputation.
In case of traumatic amputation of a limb (its individual segments), it is required to apply a tourniquet that presses on a gauze bandage, fix the limb with a splint or improvised means (in case of damage to the arm, it is necessary to raise the hand above the level of the heart), give an anesthetic, lay the victim down, provide him with peace and take measures to the preservation of the amputated segment. The amputated segment of the limb must be washed, wrapped in a wet cloth (sterile if possible), packed in plastic bag and cover with ice (snow). Ensure the delivery of the amputated limb segment together with the victim to a specialized medical facility.
4.3.4. Providing care for injuries.
Protection of the wound from infection and contamination is achieved by applying a bandage. When applying a bandage, it is forbidden to remove foreign bodies from the wound if they do not lie freely on its surface, rinse the wound with water, pour alcohol and any other solutions into the wound (including "brilliant green" and iodine). It is necessary to do the dressing with clean hands (treated with alcohol or cologne). After wiping the skin around the wound with alcohol (cologne), making movements in the direction from the wound, lubricate the edges of the wound with iodine tincture, apply gauze pads (sterile if possible), bandage the wound tightly, given that the bandage should not cut into the body and impede blood circulation.
a) In case of a penetrating wound of the abdomen, it is required to close the wound with a gauze cloth (sterile if possible) and bandage the abdomen, but not too tight so as not to squeeze the insides.
b) In case of injury to the chest, it is required to close the wound with a napkin (if possible sterile) with a thick layer of gauze and fix an air-tight material on top.
c) In case of eye injuries with sharp or piercing objects, as well as eye injuries with severe bruises, the victim should be sent to a medical institution. The victim needs to be put in a horizontal position, cover his eyes with a clean napkin (handkerchief), fix the napkin with a bandage, be sure to cover the second eye with the same bandage (to stop the movement of the eyeballs), give an anesthetic. Do not wash stab and cut wounds of the eyes and eyelids.
4.3.5. If a foreign body gets into the eye, it is required to remove it with the tip of a handkerchief or rinse the eye with a stream of water directed from the outer corner of the eye to the nose, drip 3-4 drops of eye drops into the eye. If it is impossible to remove the foreign body, it is necessary to apply a bandage to both eyes. Do not try to independently remove scale, metal chips from the eye.
4.3.6. Help with fractures.
In case of fractures, it is required to release the victim from the effects of traumatic factors, give an anesthetic (for open fractures, stop bleeding and apply a bandage), fix the limb with splints or improvised means (board, plywood, etc.). Splints should be applied to the injured limb with fixation of the joints below and above the fracture.
In case of hip fractures, the victim must be given a horizontal position, splints are applied on both sides of the limb (outside, the splint is applied from the foot to the armpit), fixed tightly, evenly, but not tight. In the absence of a tire, the injured leg is bandaged to a healthy limb, laying soft material between them (folded clothes, cotton wool, foam rubber, etc.).
In case of fractures of the bones of the upper limbs, it is required to fix the arm in a bent position, bandaged to the body (under clothing).
4.3.7. Help with head trauma.
In case of a head injury, it is required to lay the victim on his stomach and turn his head to the side from which more fluid is released. If there are wounds - put a bandage on the head, apply cold, provide peace, apply heat to the legs, limit the intake of fluids to the injured. It is required to monitor the pulse and respiration until the doctor arrives, if the pulse and respiration disappear, proceed to resuscitation.
4.3.8. Assistance with pressure on the limb.
When pressing the limb, it is required to release it (if the limb is pressed for more than 15 minutes) to impose ice packs (snow, cold water), give an anesthetic, plentiful warm drink, apply a tourniquet to the crushed limb above the place of pressing. It is impossible to release the squeezed limb before applying a tourniquet and ingesting a large amount of liquid by the victim, to warm the squeezed limb. If it is impossible to apply a tourniquet before releasing the squeezed limb, it is necessary to immediately apply a tourniquet after releasing pressure, tightly bandage the injured limb, apply cold, give plenty of warm drink.
4.3.9. Help with broken bones.
In case of damage to the bones of the pelvis and hip joints, it is necessary to provide the victim with complete rest, put a roller of clothing under the knees, cover from the cold, remove blood and mucus from the mouth and nose.
In case of spinal fractures, it is required to ensure complete rest in the supine position, on a hard shield.
In case of fractures of the pelvic bones, hips, spine, do not remove clothes from the victim, do not allow him to move.
In case of dislocation, it is necessary to fix the limb in a stationary state, in case of sprain, it is necessary to apply a tight bandage to the sprain site and apply cold.
For minor wounds and abrasions, treat the skin around them with an alcoholic solution of iodine, apply a bactericidal adhesive plaster or bandage.
4.3.10. Help with burns.
a) Thermal burns.
For first-degree burns without violating the integrity of the burn blisters, it is required to substitute the burned part of the body under a stream of cold water for 10-15 minutes or apply cold for 20-30 minutes. It is impossible to lubricate the burnt surface.
In case of second-degree burns (bubbles filled with liquid form), it is necessary to apply a sterile bandage to the burned area of the victim, apply cold. You can not rip off the remnants of clothing from the burnt skin, wash the burn surface, sprinkle, lubricate with something, bandage, apply a plaster, open burn blisters, peel off the skin.
In case of severe burns, a sterile bandage should be applied to the burned area, cold should be applied and the victim should be immediately sent to a medical facility.
In case of eye burns with flame, steam, water, oils, combustible mixtures, it is necessary to rinse the eye under running cold water, give the victim an anesthetic.
b) In case of a chemical burn (exposure to acid, alkali, solvent, etc.), it is required to immediately remove clothing soaked in the chemical, rinse the burn surface abundantly under running cold water, give the victim plenty of drink in small portions (cold water, solutions of drinking soda or salt - 1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water). Do not use solutions of acids and alkalis to neutralize the chemical agent on the skin of the victim.
In case of burns with phosphorus (phosphorus flares up on the skin and causes a double burn: chemical and thermal), it is necessary to immediately wash the burned area under running cold water for 10-15 minutes, remove pieces of phosphorus with an object, apply a bandage.
In case of burns with quicklime, it is required to remove the lime with a piece of dry cloth, treat the burn surface with vegetable or animal oil. Lime must not be allowed to come into contact with moisture (a violent chemical reaction will occur, which will increase the injury).
In case of eye burns with acids, alkalis, household chemicals, aerosols, carefully open the eyelids and put the eye under a stream of cold water so that the water flows from the nose to the outer corner of the eye, drip 3-4 drops of eye drops into the eye and give the victim for oral administration anesthetic. Neutralizing liquid must not be used.
In case of eye burns with lime, calcium carbide, potassium permanganate crystals, it is required to quickly and thoroughly remove particles of the substance from the eye with a cotton swab. Do not wet eyes or rinse with water.
4.3.11. Assistance in case of poisoning.
In case of poisoning with gasoline, kerosene, solvents, cleaners (characteristic breath, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unsteady gait, in severe cases, loss of consciousness, convulsions), in the absence of consciousness, it is required to put the victim on the stomach, apply cold to the head, if consciousness is present - give up to 3 liters of cold water to drink, induce vomiting to cleanse the stomach, offer the victim to rinse his mouth, give 20-30 tablets of activated charcoal (in case of poisoning with gasoline, kerosene, etc.), drink plenty of water (2-3 liters of sweet tea) . You can not use milk, kefir, vegetable and animal fats, which enhance the absorption of the poison.
In case of poisoning food products it is necessary to induce artificial vomiting in the victim and rinse the stomach, letting him drink a large amount (6 glasses) of warm water tinted with potassium permanganate, or a weak solution of baking soda, give 5 tablets of activated charcoal to drink.
In case of acid poisoning, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the stomach with water and give the victim an enveloping agent: milk, raw eggs.
In case of gas poisoning, the victim must be taken out of the room to fresh air or a draft should be arranged in the room by opening windows and doors.
In all cases of poisoning, the victim must be sent to a medical facility.
4.3.12. First aid for electric shock.
You can not start providing first aid without freeing the victim from the action of electric current and without ensuring your own safety.
In case of electric shock, it is necessary, observing safety measures, to stop the effect of electric current on the victim (at voltages up to 1000 V - turn off the voltage, drop the wire from the victim with an insulating rod (dry non-conductive object); above 1000 V - put on dielectric gloves, rubber boots or galoshes, take an insulating rod or insulating clamps, short-circuit the wires of the 6-20 kV overhead line by the method of throwing according to special instruction), without touching the victim with bare hands, drag him by dry clothes at least 8 meters from the place where the wire touches the ground or from equipment that is energized.
If the victim is at a height, then releasing him from the action of the current can cause a fall from a height, therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent additional injuries - to provide lighting from another source (taking into account the explosion hazard of the room), without delaying the shutdown of the installation and rendering assistance.
When staying and moving in the zone of "step voltage" (within a radius of 8 meters from the place where the electric wire touches the ground), it is required to move in dielectric boots or galoshes, or in a "goose step" (the heel of the walking leg, without leaving the ground, is attached to the toe of the other legs). You can not take your feet off the ground and take steps that exceed the length of the foot.
After the release of the victim from the action of electric current, depending on his condition, it is necessary to provide him with first aid. The victim should unfasten clothing, provide fresh air. When breathing stops and the heart stops, the victim must do artificial respiration and chest compressions until natural breathing is restored, or until the arrival of a doctor. After the victim regains consciousness, it is necessary to apply a sterile bandage to the place of the electric burn and take measures to eliminate possible mechanical damage (bruises, fractures). The victim of electrical injury, regardless of his state of health and the absence of complaints, should be sent to a medical institution.
4.3.13. First aid for health-related conditions.
a) In case of fainting (causes of occurrence - lack of oxygen in the air, drop in blood pressure, blood loss, including internal bleeding, pain and mental trauma), it is necessary to put the victim in a supine position, unbutton his clothes and belt, provide access to fresh air and an elevated position of the lower extremities, give ammonia for inhalation, press on the painful point under the nose or massage it. If the victim does not regain consciousness within 3-4 minutes, it is necessary to turn him over on his stomach and apply cold to his head. For pain in the abdomen or repeated fainting (possible internal bleeding), it is required to put cold on the stomach (a bottle or a bag of cold water or snow). When hungry faint - give sweet tea and ensure peace (do not feed).
b) In case of heat, sunstroke (weakness, drowsiness, headache, thirst, nausea, rapid breathing, fever, loss of consciousness are possible), the victim must be transferred (transferred) to a cool place, apply cold to the head, neck, chest (you can pour a bucket of cold water on the chest). With convulsions - turn the victim on his stomach and press the shoulder girdle and head to the floor. In case of loss of consciousness for more than 3-4 minutes, it is required to turn the victim on his stomach.
c) In case of an epileptic seizure (sudden loss of consciousness with a characteristic cry before falling; often dilated pupils, convulsions, involuntary movements, foamy discharge from the mouth, involuntary urination, after an attack - short-term memory loss), it is required to move the patient away from dangerous objects and turn on his side, place a soft object under your head.
d) In case of hypothermia, it is required to cover the victim, offer a warm sweet drink or food with a high sugar content, quickly deliver to a warm room, in the room - remove clothes, rub the body, if possible, place the victim in a bath with water at 35 - 40 ° C or cover him a large number of warm heating pads (plastic bottles), cover the victim with a warm blanket, put warm, dry clothes on him and continue to give warm sweet drinks.
e) In case of frostbite of the limbs (the skin is pale and cold, there is no pulse at the wrists and ankles, loss of sensation), it is required to deliver the victim to a room with a low temperature, do not remove clothes and shoes from frostbitten limbs, cover the injured limbs from external heat with a cooled heat-insulating bandage with a large amount of cotton wool or blankets, clothes and give a plentiful warm drink, make you move, give an anesthetic. Do not rub or lubricate frostbitten skin with anything, put frostbitten limbs in warm water or cover them with heating pads.
4.3.14. For insect and snake bites, it is required to wash the bite site (for a bee sting, remove the sting safely). When a snake bites, it is necessary to lay the victim down, provide him with peace, put a bandage on the bite (not too tight), when biting a limb, be sure to put a splint and give the limb an elevated position, give plenty of drink (sweet or salted water). In case of loss of consciousness, it is required to put the victim on his stomach, turn his head to one side. In the absence of breathing and heartbeat, proceed to resuscitation, prevent cooling and warming of the bite site.
4.3.15. In all cases of electric shock, mechanical injury, severe thermal and chemical burns, poisoning with poisonous liquids, gases and eye injuries, the victim must be urgently taken to the nearest medical facility.
4.4. Actions in case of fire.
4.4.1. The operator of the centralization post upon detection of a fire must:
immediately report this to the fire brigade by phone to send a message in the prescribed manner (in this case, you must name the place of occurrence of the fire, as well as give your last name), the shift supervisor in accordance with the requirements of the instructions on fire safety measures (local),
take measures to extinguish the fire (except in cases of ignition of dangerous goods) with the available primary means firefighting, as well as the evacuation of people and property, service documentation.
4.4.2. When using air-foam (powder, carbon dioxide) fire extinguishers, direct the jet of foam (powder, carbon dioxide) away from people. If foam (powder, carbon dioxide) gets on unprotected parts of the body, wipe it off with a handkerchief (cloth) and rinse thoroughly with clean water.
In rooms with internal fire hydrants, two workers must be involved in extinguishing a fire: one unrolls the sleeve from the faucet to the fire site, the second, at the command of the unrolling sleeve, opens the faucet.
When extinguishing a flame with sand: a scoop, a shovel should not be raised to eye level in order to avoid sand getting into them.
When a person’s clothing catches fire, it is necessary to extinguish the fire as soon as possible, but at the same time it is impossible to knock down the flame with unprotected hands. Inflamed clothing must be quickly discarded, torn off or extinguished by pouring water. A thick cloth, blanket, tarpaulin can be thrown over a person in burning clothes, which must be removed after the flame is extinguished.
4.4.3. In the event of a fire near the contact network, it is necessary to immediately inform the duty officer of the railway station (shift supervisor) or the head of the railway station.
4.4.4. Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of more than 8 m from the contact network and overhead power lines that are energized is allowed by any fire extinguishers without removing the voltage. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the jet of water or foam does not approach the contact network and other live parts at a distance of less than 2 m.
Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of less than 2 meters from the contact network is only allowed to be carried out with carbon dioxide and powder fire extinguishers. Extinguishing burning objects with water, chemical, foam or air-foam fire extinguishers is possible only when the voltage is removed from the contact network, after it is grounded in the prescribed manner. When using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, it is forbidden to take hold of the fire extinguisher socket and bring the socket to the contact network closer than 1 m.
In case of ignition of non-de-energized electrical equipment with voltage up to 1000 V, powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers should be used.
When extinguishing energized electrical installations, it is necessary to maintain a safe distance from the spray nozzle to live parts in accordance with the recommendations of the fire extinguisher manufacturer. It is forbidden to take hold of the fire extinguisher socket.
5. Labor protection requirements upon completion of work
5.1. At the end of the work, the operator of the centralization post must:
put signal accessories, inventory and devices in places specially designed for them or transfer them to a shift worker,
hand over the duty in accordance with the established procedure to the employee taking over the shift,
wash your hands, face with soap and water or take a shower,
take off your overalls and put them in the closet,
follow the service aisle route from work.
5.2. The operator of the centralization post must hand over contaminated and faulty special clothing and footwear for washing, dry cleaning or repair in the manner established in the unit.
5.3. To keep the skin in good condition after work, the operator of the centralization post must use various protective ointments and creams (set according to the results of certification of workplaces for working conditions).
5.4. All violations of the production process, internal labor regulations and labor protection requirements discovered during work, and the measures taken to eliminate them, the operator of the centralization post must inform the shift manager.
§ 52. Operator of the post of centralization
Characteristics of works. Translation of centralized turnouts and control of signals from the control panel of the centralization post or the local control panel for turnouts and signals. Control over the correct preparation of routes according to the indications of control devices. Participation in the production process of shunting works. Giving sound and visible signals when receiving, departing, passing trains and performing shunting work. Checking the clearness of the path, transferring the centralized arrows with a kurbel and checking the correctness of the preparation of routes in the event of a violation of the normal operation of signaling, centralization and blocking devices (hereinafter referred to as CCB). Securing trains and wagons with brake shoes and their removal. Ensuring traffic safety in the serviced shunting area in accordance with the technical and administrative act and the technological process of the railway station.
Must know: technical and administrative act of the railway station; technological process of railway station operation according to regulations relating to the range of work performed; the arrangement of centralized arrows, the rules for translating them with kurbel; rules for the operation of signaling devices; instructions for ensuring the safety of train traffic in the performance of work on maintenance and repair of signaling devices; shipping rules.
When servicing centralization posts or local control panels with turnouts and signals:
in inactive shunting areas of railway transport
non-public use - 2nd category;
in busy shunting areas of non-general railway transport
use and in inactive shunting areas of the railway
public transport railway stations V - II
classes - 3rd category;
in inactive shunting areas of general railway transport
use of railway stations of class I, out-of-class, in inactive
railway stations of V - II classes with participation in the preparation
routes for receiving, departing and passing trains and in busy
shunting areas of public railway transport
railway stations V - II classes - 4th category;
in busy shunting areas of general railway transport
use of railway stations of class I, out-of-class - 5th category.
From July 1, 2016, employers are required to apply professional standards if the qualification requirements that an employee needs to perform a certain job function are established by the Labor Code, federal laws or other regulatory legal acts (Federal Law of May 2, 2015 No. 122-FZ).
To search for approved professional standards of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation, use
During the medical examination of a group of drivers (I group), high requirements with
professional positions, positions of traffic safety in general are presented to the central
.
nervous system (CNS), vision, then hearing. From the side nervous system must be
fully preserved mental functions, adequacy of reactions, no violations
motor functions (it is important to take into account here the state of the musculoskeletal system); must
be sufficiently good vision without color vision impairment; hearing must be sufficient and
vestibular apparatus without significant disturbances. Particularly dangerous for the movement of the disease with
increased risk of sudden death, as well as occurring with such paroxysmal
states, such as collapses, switching off consciousness, even short-term, semi-conscious
conditions, sharp shock pains, bleeding, etc. From a psychophysiological standpoint, drivers
should be individuals who are not prone to drowsiness, with a high level of preparedness for emergency
action (HED) in conditions of monotony, with high psycho-emotional stability.
All this is important for drivers in general, but especially for train drivers.
work without an assistant (in "; one person";), then - drivers of high-speed trains and working in other
complicated conditions. Slightly lower requirements for the specified parameters can be
presented to machinists and assistant machinists working at the depot and in transport
enterprises of industrial railway transport. At the stokers of locomotives, machinists and assistants
mobile crane operators, higher requirements should be placed on
functionality of the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems.
II. GROUP OF DISPATCH - OPERATOR'S ROOM
5. Train (district and junction) dispatchers, metro train dispatchers,
station attendants, station chiefs (on duty at the station), energy dispatchers,
subway electrical dispatchers, station (shunting) dispatchers, attendants
station post of television surveillance of the subway.
6. On duty on the slide, operators of the slide, on duty of the posts of electrical centralization,
operators of electrical interlocking posts, attendants of the station centralization post
metro.
7. On duty in the formation park, on duty in the departure park, on duty at posts and
traveling.
5. Train (district and nodal)
dispatchers, subway train dispatchers,
station attendants, stationmasters (carriers
shift duty at the station), energy dispatchers,
subway electrical dispatchers, station
(shunting) dispatchers, station attendants
subway surveillance station
It is not an official version, it is provided free of charge to members of the Association of Forest Users of Ladoga, Pomorie and Prionezhye - . Permanent Arbitration Court.
The main duties of a train dispatcher are to directly supervise
train traffic on the serviced section (control circle). He is obliged to provide
traffic safety, fulfillment of the train schedule, control and ensure
efficient use of the technical means of the rolling stock and locomotives; in particular,
monitor the reception and departure of trains, their passage along the hauls, control
the operation of stations, to ensure the entry of a train that has run out of schedule into the schedule. train dispatcher
keeps a schedule of the executed movement, receives and transmits information by selector, telephone and
radio communication line workers.
The main duties of the station attendant and the head of the station, carrying a shift
duty at the station, similar to the duties of a train dispatcher, but limited to
one station. In addition, in the absence of a position of a shunting dispatcher, he is obliged
supervise maneuvers.
The main duties of the energy dispatcher and electric dispatcher of the subway are to
planning and organizing activities to provide consumers with electricity during
compliance with the train schedule. He is obliged according to the indications of the relevant instruments
monitor the maintenance of the necessary voltage in the contact network in your area (on
contact rail of the subway) and maintain a constant voltage in the auto-blocking network,
ensure the elimination of emergencies in case of damage to the contact network, etc.,
organize the implementation of repair work, determine the nature and extent of damage.
The work of train dispatchers and station attendants is carried out in the premises, the main
way, behind the control panel. Characteristic of their work is a great responsibility for
implementation of the train schedule, as unforeseen interference and errors can cause
irreparable defects in the operation of transport.
The work schedule of train dispatchers and station attendants is shifted with 12-hour shifts.
duty during the night and day. At the same time, they must be at the workplace for 15 - 30
minutes before the start of the shift and stay for the same time after it ends. Breaks for
they practically do not have rest and food intake.
The activities of the persons of this professional group proceeds in conditions of low mobility:
they mostly work while sitting.
A specific feature of the work of train dispatchers and station attendants is
a high degree of neuro-emotional stress, due to the need for processing
a significant amount of incoming production information, development on the basis of its
analysis of decisions and issuance of commands (often with an acute shortage of time), verification of their execution.
An important indicator of the tension of their work is their simultaneous performance of several
operations (log entry, talking on the phone or selector and manipulations on the remote control).
The activities of train dispatchers and station attendants require the use of operational and
long-term memory, tension of visual and auditory analyzers, tension of voice
device (telephone and intercom conversations), and is also the cause of
stress reactions, which as a result can lead to a violation of management functions (errors,
It is not an official version, it is provided free of charge to members of the Association of Forest Users of Ladoga, Pomorie and Prionezhye - . Permanent Arbitration Court.
affective reactions, etc.).
The operating mode of energy dispatchers and electrical dispatchers of the subway is similar to the mode
work of train dispatchers.
Unlike train dispatchers and station attendants, the workload of energy dispatchers
and electrical dispatchers of subways is characterized by extreme unevenness, since it depends
from time of day, year, weather conditions, technical condition of power systems. tension
intellectual and emotional spheres of the energy dispatcher (electrical dispatcher of the subway) with
emergencies or complex repairs is high due to the need
ensuring that repairs are completed as soon as possible.
The main duties of the station (shunting) dispatcher and shunting dispatcher for
local work consists in coordinating the activities of all departments of the station, compiling
operational work plans. He is obliged to ensure that the technical inspection of the wagons is carried out.
The shunting dispatcher for local work is obliged to manage the supply and cleaning of wagons to freight
to and from the parks, ensure that the loading and unloading plan is followed.
Sanitary characteristics of working conditions
Activities of the station (shunting) dispatcher and shunting dispatcher in local
work is carried out mainly indoors. However, they spend some time on
open area, while being affected by weather conditions (precipitation, wind, etc.).
Working hours - shift. Day and night shifts. Their duration is 12 hours.
The work is accompanied by a certain neuro-emotional stress, tension
attention, auditory and visual analyzers, vocal apparatus.
The main duties of the on-duty station post of television surveillance are to
control by images on several TV screens of stations for the safety of passengers on
station platforms, on escalators and in subway lobbies. In emergency situations they
are required to control the movement of the escalator, station traffic lights. They must carry out
communication by telephone, selector, radio with dispatchers, station attendants and other employees
metro.
Sanitary characteristics of working conditions
Work is carried out in a room with satisfactory microclimatic conditions.
Hours of operation - shift (12 hours at night and daytime). 2 working during shift
person, replacing each other at the post of television surveillance every 2 hours. General
duration of work at TV screens - 6 hours per shift. The rest of the time (6 hours) they
carry out control over the safety of passengers, being on the platforms of the station.
The work requires a high strain of attention, visual and partially auditory
analyzers and is accompanied by neuro-emotional tension caused by
responsible for the safety of passengers.
It is not an official version, it is provided free of charge to members of the Association of Forest Users of Ladoga, Pomorie and Prionezhye - . Permanent Arbitration Court.
6. Hill attendants, slide operators,
duty officers and operators of electrical centralization posts,
duty station post of centralization of the subway
The main duties of the duty officer on the hill are to manage the dissolution of trains on
sorting hill, keeping records of work. He is obliged to determine the mode of dissolution and braking
individual cuts, and in case of automatic centralization - dial the routes on the remote control
cuts; to give instructions by radio to the driver of the hump locomotive about the mode of dissolution of the train.
The slide operator performs similar works, with the exception of the leadership of the dissolution
compositions; performs braking of wagons during the dissolution of the composition.
The main duties of the duty officers and operators of the posts of electrical centralization and
duty station post centralization of the subway are to switch
route indicators, monitoring the readings of the light board and equipment, participating in
switch points, keeping train traffic logs. Electrical post operator
centralization is obliged, mainly, to carry out the translation of arrows.
Sanitary characteristics of working conditions
The work of this group of professions is carried out in a room, as a rule, satisfying
sanitary requirements, at the control panel. The exception is the working conditions of the duty officer
station post of centralization of the subway, whose jobs are located in
underground premises. In this regard, their activities are carried out under artificial
lighting in conditions of constant exposure to noise from passing in the immediate vicinity
Mode of operation - shift (day and night shifts), shift duration - 12 hours.
The acceptance and handover of duty must be documented by the shift supervisor (shift leader) with an entry in the shift log indicating the results of checking the boilers and related equipment, water indicating devices, water limit alarms, pressure gauges, safety valves, nutritional devices and automation equipment.
Book of acceptance and delivery of duties and inspection of devices at the crossing
In the presence of counters of artificial operation of arrival control devices, invitation signals or artificial cutting of the route, the readings of the counters are indicated in the table log before the text on the acceptance and surrender of duty.
When accepting and handing over duty, the station attendants and operators sign in the journal of train telephone messages in the form
When switching to telephone connection in cases of violation of the main means of signaling and communication and when they are restored, entries in the log on the acceptance and delivery of duty are drawn up after receiving an order about this from the train dispatcher using the forms
The names of the station attendant and the operator on duty are reported to the neighboring station, where they are recorded in the train telephone log below the entry on the acceptance and delivery of duty.
In the journal of dispatching orders, the acceptance and delivery of duty by train dispatchers are also recorded.
When taking duty, the duty officer of the turnout station must personally check the presence and serviceability of the wrenches and brake shoes assigned to the post. By the time of handing over the duty, all shoes, except for those laid under the cars, must be in the prescribed place. If a shoe is found to be lost or has an inappropriate brand, an act is drawn up signed by the station attendant and
Handover of duty. The turnout duty officer on duty must
Before taking off duty, the train compiler is obliged to restore the specialization of the tracks in the shunting area, if it has been violated, to check whether the cars are coupled to each other on the tracks where the shunting work was carried out, and whether they go beyond the limit posts (isolated joints) and whether they are fixed from leaving to ensure the fulfillment of the tasks of the station duty officer (shunting dispatcher) to prepare trains for departure along the next regular lines of the schedule for the shift entering duty.
Change of duty should be carried out with the least amount of time. To do this, the drafting team and all other workers participating in the maneuvers must prepare in advance for the start of the duty. In the process of acceptance and delivery of duty, the compiler, who has completed work, is obliged to inform the compiler, who is on duty, about the situation on the tracks
In the building of the crossing post, in a conspicuous place, an extract from the train schedule (including passenger trains), a wall clock, a duty schedule for the crossing, books of acceptance and delivery of duty and inspection of devices at the crossing are placed. Instructions for the arrangement and maintenance of crossings, a first aid kit, two traffic controller's batons and whistles.
For those on duty at crossings, a building of a crossing post is arranged, in which signals and the necessary equipment are stored; there is also a book for the acceptance and delivery of duty and inspection of devices at the crossing.
The work of the EC post operator
Characteristics of works. Translation of centralized arrows and control of signals from the control panel of the centralization post or the local control panel. Control over the correct preparation of routes according to the indications of control devices. Giving sound and visible signals when receiving, departing, passing trains and performing shunting work. Checking the clearness of the path, transferring the centralized arrows with a kurbel and checking the correct preparation of routes in the event of a violation of the normal operation of signaling, centralization and blocking devices. Ensuring traffic safety in the serviced shunting area in accordance with the technical and administrative act and the technological process of the railway station.
Must know: the principle of operation of signaling, centralization, blocking (SCB) and communication devices, the rules for their operation, instructions for ensuring the safety of train traffic during maintenance and repair of signaling devices; rules for the carriage of goods; rules and regulations on labor protection; technical and administrative act and the technological process of the railway station in the appropriate volumes.
What are the duties of a wagon speed controller during the dissolution of a train?
Regulators must remember that working conditions where they work require constant care and attention.
To ensure personal safety, the traffic controller must:
Have a good rest before duty;
Dress for work so that the clothes are tightly buttoned and do not interfere with the actions in the production of work; wear gloves;
Do not be distracted by extraneous conversations at work;
When leaving the service premises located on the inter-tracks of the station, make sure that there is no movement along the tracks, and then go in the middle of the inter-track or along the side of the subgrade, regularly looking back;
Strictly comply with the safety requirements while on the station tracks.
It is forbidden:
Cross the tracks in front of a moving train, locomotive or uncoupled wagons;
Crawl under the wagons to cross the busy track;
Pass in the space between standing uncoupled cars if the distance between them is less than 5 m;
Take the shoe from above by the support block.
During work on braking cars, traffic controllers must:
1. be on the serviced tracks by the beginning of the dissolution of the train;
2. carefully listen to the notices on the two-way park communication about the movement of cuts, as well as the signals given by the compiler, the turnouts on duty and the locomotive;
3. to be especially attentive and careful when laying the shoes on the rails, so as not to be touched by the steps, the folded sides of the platforms, the uncoupling levers of the cars of the approaching cuts, wire and other objects;
4. take the brake shoe by the handle;
5. put the shoe on the rail for braking the first wheel set of the cutter in advance, being at a safe distance from the approaching cutter or wagon. After laying the shoe, move aside from the track at a distance of up to 1.5 m, bearing in mind the possibility of ejection of the shoe;
6. put shoes under the wheels of any bogies of moving cuts only with a special fork;
7. take special care when going down the hill for wagons equipped with roller bearings, given that such wagons develop more high speed than wagons on plain bearings;
8. be especially careful when braking tanks filled with acid and other caustic liquids, as well as bituminous gondola cars, since a splash through the top hatch may occur during hard braking and collision with cars on the track;
9. remove the shoe from the rail from under the car after it has stopped only in gloves to avoid burns to the hand, since the shoe gets very hot due to friction;
10. take the shoe, which is knocked out from under the wheel, only after the passage of the cut;
11. use crowbars and refills when removing jammed shoes from under the wheel in order to avoid
What should a wagon speed controller know and know to ensure trouble-free operation?
To ensure uninterrupted and trouble-free operation, each traffic controller must be fluent in braking techniques and must know well:
Location, numbering and purpose (according to specialization) of each track of the marshalling yard;
Capacity (in wagons) of each track of the marshalling yard;
The height and profile of the slide, the profile of the sorting yard tracks;
Location and power of braking positions; location and numbers of turnouts; running characteristics of wagons.
Traffic controllers must study and take into account the degree of braking of wagons under various atmospheric conditions during work and take the necessary measures to mitigate or increase braking.
Electrical safety measures at the EC posts and in the chipboard premises.
The operator of the EC post and chipboard station in the premises must comply with the following electrical safety requirements:
know and be able to use primary fire extinguishing means;
when leaving amenity premises, make sure that the conditions for sunbathing in them are excluded (electrical appliances are turned off, interior lighting is turned off);
Immediately report all malfunctions of household electrical appliances, lighting devices to the station dispatcher.
Operators of the EC post and chipboard station in the premises are prohibited from:
clutter up fire-fighting passages;
use fire-fighting appliances (electric kettles, electric stoves, electric heaters, etc.) in places that are not equipped and not installed for these purposes;
use temporary or faulty electrical wiring, electrical equipment, re-equip the electrical network;
work with electrical appliances that have damage to the insulation;
leave unattended any electrical appliances connected to the network;
pinch electrical wires with doors, window frames, cabinet doors, drive nails between wires, and hang them on wires, switches, circuit breakers, clothes and other objects;
unscrew electric lamps with paper or cloth, seal the wires with paper;
arrange storerooms, workshops in the premises occupied by electrical distribution devices and shields;
Make fires.
The traffic controller is a railway transport employee who performs the operations of braking cuts, fencing wagons standing on the marshalling tracks with brake shoes. Participates in the operations of reining the wagons from the side of the hill, pulling up the wagons from the side of the exit neck (exhaust tracks) of the marshalling yard, rearranging the wagons from track to track. In the process of coupling the wagons, when they are settling down, he removes the brake shoes from under the wheels of the wagons.
The workplaces of the traffic controllers are located on the inter-tracks and on the tracks of the station. The traffic controller is obliged to keep the workplace clean and tidy, all foreign objects must be removed, the brake shoes removed from the rolling stock must be removed from the inter-tracks and locked in the racks.
The controller is obliged to ensure that all objects of the station economy, where technological operations were illuminated, technological paths and inter-tracks were free from permanent objects, and in winter they were sprinkled with sand or fine slag.
Personal hygiene rules
The traffic controller is obliged to know and follow the rules of personal hygiene in the performance of his official duties:
at the workplace to be in serviceable and tidy overalls, clothes should not interfere with movements, and the buttons of the outerwear were fastened. Headgear should not interfere with normal hearing, shoes should be on a wide low heel. A signal vest must be worn over the clothing;
overalls, footwear at the end of the work shift must be left in the dressing rooms, dirty clothes should be stored separately from clean ones;
individual lockers for storing overalls must be kept clean;
it is forbidden to store foreign objects in cabinets;
wash your hands thoroughly with soap before eating;
it is forbidden to leave dirty dishes and leftover food on tables and refrigerators for common use;
Take a warm shower after work.
Safety requirements for the post operator
List the duties of the operator of the centralization post during the production of maneuvers.
1. Ensure that the rolling stock is secured before the locomotive is uncoupled with brake shoes (TB) or a stationary brake device (UTS-380).
2. After the locomotive has been hitched and the train is fully ready for departure, carry out or control the cleaning of the TB or the removal of the UTS-380 on the fixed tracks.
3. To lock racks with TB on a padlock.
4. To check the safety of TB with a frequency of 1 time in 2 hours with the registration of a record of the results of the check in the "Book of accounting for fixing wagons".
5. Keep a numbered record of TB in a special journal.
6. If the slave farm has turnouts included in the EC, then transfer them from the control panel when transferring them to the local control for shunting work.
7. When leaving a train with wagons loaded with goods - VM, without a locomotive on the tracks of the park, it is necessary to fencing the train with portable stop signals and locking the arrows without fail with a bookmark and a padlock.
8. Before accepting a train to the station with side and bottom oversized cargo of 4-6 degrees, it is necessary to check that the rolling stock on adjacent tracks is diverted from the limit posts at a distance of at least 10 m.
9. Check the freedom of ways, turnouts. Translate turnouts with a kurbel, as well as make sure that the route is prepared correctly in case of disruption of the normal operation of signaling and communication devices (be sure by personal visual control).
10. Sprinkle service passages with sand under adverse weather conditions (in particular, in winter - ice, snow ...).
11. Clean up the post and adjacent territories.
12. At the direction of the chipboard, check the availability of passage along adjacent tracks.
13. At the direction of the chipboard, make sure that the train arrives in full force by the presence of a tail signal or by tail signal numbers.
14. At the direction of the chipboard, hand over to the driver (TCHM) a travel note, a written permission to receive, dispatch the cargo.
15. At the direction of the DSP, monitor the rolling stock's settling to exclude cases of its going beyond the border of the useful track length.
16. Perform other work aimed at ensuring traffic safety, labor protection and the performance of production tasks as directed by the station or chipboard managers.
