Lecture: Pedagogical aspects of a doctor's professional activity (2 hours). The specifics of the professional activity of a medical worker, his professionally important qualities The main goal of the professional activity of a doctor is

I. THE DOCTOR AND SOCIETY

The subject of special concern of the state and society is the provision and preservation of the life and health of citizens. The full protection of the health of the people and the provision of conditions that allow it to exist and develop with dignity are the criteria for the moral policy of the state. In the implementation of this social task, a large role belongs to the doctor, his professional activity and moral position.
The main goal of the professional activity of a doctor (practitioner and scientist) is the preservation of human life, the prevention of diseases and the restoration of health, as well as the reduction of suffering in incurable diseases. The doctor performs his duties, following the voice of conscience, guided by the Hippocratic oath, the principles of humanism and mercy, the documents of the world community on ethics, Art. 41 of the Constitution of Russia and the legislation of the Russian Federation "On the right of citizens to health care and medical care".
The doctor bears full responsibility for his decisions and actions. To do this, he must systematically improve professionally, remembering that the quality of care provided to patients can never be higher than his knowledge and skills. In his work, the doctor must use the latest achievements medical science known to him and approved for use by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
The motives of material, personal gain should not influence the doctor's professional decision.
The doctor should not accept incentives from drug manufacturers and distributors for prescribing the drugs they offer.
When prescribing medicines, the doctor must be strictly guided by medical indications and exclusively in the interests of the patient.
Both in peacetime and in war time a doctor must provide medical care to anyone in need of it, regardless of age, gender, race, nationality, religion, social status, political views, citizenship and other non-medical factors, including financial situation.
The doctor must conscientiously fulfill his obligations in relation to the institution in which he works.
Physicians who teach students and young professionals their behavior and attitude to the performance of their duties should be an example worthy of emulation.
The doctor is obliged by the means available to him (newspapers, magazines, radio, television, conversations, etc.) to promote healthy lifestyle life, to be an example in observance of public and professional ethical standards.
A doctor may engage in any other activity, if it is compatible with professional independence, does not degrade the dignity of the doctor and does not harm patients and his medical practice.
In accordance with Art. 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the conditions of state medical institutions, the doctor provides assistance to patients free of charge.
The right to private practice of a doctor is regulated by law.
Free treatment of other doctors and their closest relatives, as well as widows and orphans, is the duty of the Russian doctor and an element of professional morality.
The humane goals that the doctor serves give him reason to demand the legal protection of his personal dignity, sufficient material support, and the creation of conditions for the implementation of professional activities both in peacetime and in wartime.
Participating in organizational (provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation) forms of protest, the doctor is not released from the obligation to provide the necessary medical care to patients under his supervision.
The doctor is obliged to contribute to medical associations and associations, actively participating in their work, as well as carrying out their instructions.
For his medical activity, the doctor primarily bears moral responsibility to the patient and the medical community, and for violation of laws Russian Federation- before the court. But the doctor must first of all remember that the main judge on his medical path is his own conscience.
Control over compliance with medical ethics is carried out by professional associations and ethical committees (commissions) created under them.
The Russian Medical Association and its Ethics Committee (EC) uphold and defend in the media, society (the state) and in court the honor and dignity of a doctor, if such a decision is made collectively.

II. DOCTOR AND PATIENT

The doctor is responsible for the quality of medical care provided to patients. In his work, he must be guided by the laws of the Russian Federation in force normative documents for medical practice ( medical standards), but within the framework of these prescriptions, taking into account the characteristics of the disease, choose those methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment that he considers the most effective in each case, guided by the interests of the patient. If necessary, the doctor is obliged to use the help of his colleagues.
The doctor should not expose the patient to unjustified risk, and even more so use his knowledge for inhumane purposes. When choosing any method of treatment, the doctor must first of all be guided by the commandment "Non nocere!".
Except in cases of emergency care, when he is obliged to take measures that do not aggravate the patient's condition, the doctor has the right to refuse to treat the patient if he is sure that there is no necessary mutual trust between him and the patient, if he feels insufficiently competent or does not have the necessary opportunities. In these and similar cases, the doctor should take all measures to inform the relevant health authority about this and recommend a competent specialist to the patient.
The doctor must respect the patient's right to choose a doctor and participate in decision-making about the implementation of treatment and preventive measures. Voluntary consent of the patient to treatment is usually obtained by the doctor during a personal conversation with the patient. This consent must be informed, the patient must be informed about the methods of treatment, the consequences of their use, in particular, about possible complications, and other alternative methods of treatment. Carrying out treatment and diagnostic measures without the consent of the patient is allowed only in cases of a threat to the life and health of the patient and his inability to adequately assess the situation. It is preferable to make decisions in such cases collectively. In the treatment of persons suffering from mental illness, the doctor must be guided by the Law of the Russian Federation "On Psychiatric Care and Guarantees of the Rights of Citizens in its Provision". When treating a child, the doctor is obliged to provide full information to his parents or guardians, to obtain their consent to the use of a particular method of treatment or medicine.
The doctor must respect the honor and dignity of the patient, treat him kindly, respect his rights to personal secrecy, understand the concern of relatives and friends about the patient's condition with understanding, but at the same time he must not interfere in the private affairs of the patient without sufficient professional reasons and members of his family.
If the patient is unable to give informed consent, it must be given by the patient's legal representative or permanent guardian.
The patient has the right to comprehensive information about the state of his health, but he can refuse it or indicate the person to whom the state of his health should be reported. Information may be withheld from the patient in cases where there are good reasons to believe that it could cause serious harm to him. However, at the request clearly expressed by the patient, the doctor is obliged to provide him with complete information. In the event of an unfavorable prognosis for the patient, it is necessary to inform him extremely delicately and carefully, leaving hope for a life extension, for a possible favorable outcome.
At the request of the patient, the doctor must not interfere with the exercise of his right to consultation by another doctor.
Self-promotion when communicating with a doctor is unacceptable.
If a mistake is made or unforeseen complications develop in the course of treatment, the doctor is obliged to inform the patient about this, if necessary, the health authority, a senior colleague, and immediately proceed with actions aimed at correcting the harmful consequences, without waiting for instructions to do so.
When selecting patients requiring complex preventive, diagnostic and especially therapeutic (for example, organ transplantation, etc.) measures, doctors who are forced to prioritize care should proceed from strict medical indications and make decisions independently, and preferably collegially, with the participation of members of the ethics committee (commission).
A doctor can practice medicine only under his own surname, without using a pseudonym and without indicating titles, degrees, titles that have not been officially assigned.

III. COLLEGIATION OF DOCTORS

Throughout his life, the doctor is obliged to maintain respect and a sense of gratitude for the one who taught him the art of healing.
The doctor is obliged to protect the honor and noble traditions of the medical community. Physicians should treat each other with respect and kindness.
A doctor has no right to publicly question the professional qualifications of another doctor or otherwise discredit him. Professional remarks addressed to a colleague must be reasoned, made in a non-offensive form, preferably in a personal conversation, before the medical community is informed about them or the issue is submitted for discussion by the ethical committee (commission). The medical community has an obligation to assist the doctor in restoring his professional reputation.
In difficult clinical cases, experienced physicians should give advice and help to less experienced colleagues in a correct manner. But only the attending physician bears full responsibility for the treatment process, who has the right to accept the recommendations of colleagues or refuse them, guided solely by the interests of the patient.
Doctors-heads of scientific and medical institutions are obliged to take care of raising professional qualifications their fellow subordinates.
Doctors are obliged to treat other medical and auxiliary personnel of the institution with respect, constantly taking care of improving their qualifications.

IV. MEDICAL SECRECY

Every patient has the right to privacy, and the doctor, as well as other persons involved in the provision of medical care, is obliged to maintain medical secrecy even after the death of the patient, as well as the very fact of seeking medical help, unless the patient ordered otherwise.
The secret extends to all information obtained in the process of treatment and treatment of the patient (diagnosis, treatment methods, prognosis, etc.).
Medical information about a patient may be disclosed:
- with the express written consent of the patient himself;
- at the motivated request of the bodies of inquiry, investigation, prosecutor's office and court;
- if secrecy significantly threatens the health and life of the patient and (or) other persons (dangerous infectious diseases);
- in the case of involvement in the treatment of other specialists for whom this information is professionally necessary.
The doctor must ensure that persons involved in the treatment of the patient also observe professional secrecy.
Persons with the right to access medical information are obliged to keep confidential all information received about the patient.
In the process of scientific research, training of students and improvement of doctors, medical secrecy must be observed. Demonstration of the patient is possible only with his consent.

V. RESEARCH AND BIOMEDICAL TESTING

Before starting biomedical research, including testing of new drugs, dietary supplements, methods of examination and methods of treatment, the doctor must obtain consent to conduct them from the ethical committee (commission or academic council) of the institution with the approval of the plan (protocol) of the proposed study, in which be clearly defined goals and ethical aspects, the course of the experiment, possible complications.
The test subject after familiarization with the goals, methods, potential benefits and possible risk must give his explicit written consent to participate in the study, which, at the request of the patient, can be freely denounced by him at any stage.
For patients unable to give informed consent to participate in the study, consent must be obtained in writing from a parent or other legally responsible person. Such research can only be carried out in the interests of saving life, restoring or maintaining the health of the researcher, without causing him harm, deterioration of health and the course of an existing disease.
Biomedical research on humans can be carried out by doctors in the following cases:
- if they serve to improve the health of patients participating in the experiment;
- if they make a significant contribution to medical science and practice;
- if the results of previous studies and scientific literature do not indicate a risk of complications.
Biomedical research in humans should be carried out by scientifically qualified research physicians under the supervision of competent professionals. Researchers are obliged to interrupt the test in cases of the appearance of signs that are dangerous to the life and health of the test subject. Testing on pregnant women, fetuses and newborns is prohibited.
The testers are obliged to insure their liability in case of inadvertent harm to the health of the testees.
In experiments on animals, the physician-researcher must observe the principles of humanity, alleviating their suffering as far as possible, and strive to reduce the number of experimental animals to the maximum extent possible.
The doctor, after registering the copyright for a discovery, invention, etc., must notify his colleagues about the results of his research through the means of professional information available to him.
Doctors, especially leaders of scientific teams, must strictly observe copyright in scientific publications. Inclusion without sufficient grounds in the team of authors, or omission of the names of persons who actively participated in the research, is a violation of the principles of professional ethics.

VI. HELP FOR TERMINAL PATIENTS

The doctor must make every effort to provide the patient with the necessary medical care in extreme conditions.
The doctor should not resort to euthanasia, as well as involve other persons in its execution, but is obliged to alleviate the suffering of patients in a terminal state, in all available, known to him and permitted ways.
The issue of stopping resuscitation, especially in cases where there is no encephalographic evidence of a complete cessation of brain activity, should be decided collectively if possible.
The doctor must assist the patient in exercising his right to take advantage of the spiritual support of a minister of any religious denomination.

VII. TRANSPLANTATION, REPRODUCTION, HUMAN GENOME

The actions of a doctor, his moral and ethical orientation in the transplantation of human organs and tissues, intervention in the human genome, in the reproductive function are determined by the ethical, legal and legislative acts of the Russian Federation, the World Medical Association and the World Health Organization.

The doctor should not use these areas of science and practice for personal financial gain.

A doctor should not participate in advertising means and methods of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and especially drugs that are not approved for use by the federal health authorities, as well as drugs, alcohol, and tobacco products.
Publications of a medical nature, speeches by doctors at scientific forums, educational activities in the press, on radio and television must be ethically impeccable, limited to objective scientific and practical information and not contain elements of unfair competition, advertising and self-promotion.
The doctor is obliged to report to the State Pharmacological Committee of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation or to the Federal Center for the Study of Side Effects of Drugs of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation about all unknown, undesirable side effects of drugs observed by him.
In information events organized with the participation of drug manufacturers and medical technology, the doctor should, first of all, focus on informational purposes and personally not carry out advertising work among patients for the purchase of these funds before their state registration in the prescribed manner.
In the interests of ensuring the life and health of Russian citizens, a doctor should not promote and use methods and means of an occult-mystical and religious nature for the purposes of prevention and treatment.

IX. MEDICAL INFORMATION

A doctor can issue medical certificates only in accordance with the current legislative, regulatory, methodological and instructive documents.

This code is valid throughout the Russian Federation and is mandatory for all doctors who are members of the Russian Medical Association, its regional branches (branches), as well as professional associations that have recognized code of ethics doctor officially.

A doctor who is not a member of professional associations, associations, can personally adopt the Doctor's Code of Ethics and be guided by it in their professional activities.

3) A set of moral norms that determine a person's attitude to his professional duty.

2. The main goal of the professional activity of a doctor is:

1) saving and preserving human life

The Informed Consent section is contained in the document:

a) Declaration on the policy of ensuring the rights of the patient in Europe

CONTINUE THE STATEMENT: “PROFESSIONAL HONOR AND Dignity on the Part of a Physician…

acts as a component of his moral character;

emphasizes the humanity of the medical profession;

promotes strengthening in the system "doctor-patient";

MEDICAL ERRORS ARE BASED ON:

objective external conditions of the doctor's work, environment and conditions;

insufficient training and experience of the doctor;

imperfection of methods of examination of the patient;

3 GROUPS OF IATROPATOGENIES:

iatropsychogeny;

iatrophysiogeny;

iatropharmacogeny;

ACCORDING TO THE CODE OF ETHICS OF THE RUSSIAN DOCTOR, THE DOCTOR HAS THE RIGHT:

3) refuse to work with the patient

A PHYSICIAN CANNOT REFUSE TO WORK WITH A PATIENT BY REPRESENTING HIM TO ANOTHER SPECIALIST IN THE FOLLOWING CASES:

3) for personal reasons

DISCLOSURE OF SECRETS DOES NOT BE CASES OF PROVISION OR TRANSFER OF MEDICAL INFORMATION:

2) without a court decision

ETHICS COMMITTEES MAY INCLUDE:

1) the staff of the medical institution

5) priests, public figures

IATROGENIC DISEASES IS:

2) psychogenic disorders arising as a result of deontological errors of medical workers

Unintentional harm that may be caused to a patient by the actions of a doctor or other healthcare professional:

may be the result of unwillingness to think about possible negative consequences for the patient or be the result of uncontrollable external circumstances.

The nurse must:

be constantly ready to provide competent assistance to patients regardless of gender, age, nature of the disease

Patience of a nurse

needed in all cases working life, in communication with doctors, colleagues, nurses, when talking with patients and relatives.

Choose the appropriate definitions.

iatropsychogeny is

iatropharmacogeny is A

iatrophysiogeny is B

a) disorders associated with the negative consequences of drug therapy

b) diseases caused by the physical impact of medical measures

c) disorders caused by the impact on the psyche of the patient

Can social status be a criterion (basis) for making decisions about any medical and biological manipulations (organ harvesting or transplantation, cloning, euthanasia, genetic engineering manipulations, etc.)?

Informed consent of the patient is a prerequisite for any medical intervention. This rule need to:

A) to ensure respect for the patient as an autonomous person who has the right to exercise his choice,

B) minimize the possibility of moral or physical harm that may be inflicted on the patient,

D) create conditions conducive to the formation of spiritual trust between the doctor and the patient.

Choose 3 basic ethical rules for the relationship between medical professionals and patients:

A) the truth rule

B) the rule of informed consent,

D) privacy policy.

In the Charter of Medical Professionals of the European Federation of Physicians, the American Society of Physicians of the American Council of Physicians (ABIM), it is mandatory for every doctor:

A) commitment to honest communication with patients,

INSERT THE MISSING WORD:

When graduates of the Berlin Medical School in the 18th century. took an oath, they said the following: “I will treat my ... politely and friendly, as required by the greatness of my profession, and I will be ready, without thinking about personal gain, to cooperate with them in the treatment of the patient”

colleagues

NAME THE FACTORS THAT ARE CAUSES OF STRESS IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF A DOCTOR:

all options are correct

"DAILY PRAYER OF THE DOCTOR" CREATED: M. Maimonides

AT THE 2nd ALL-UNION CONFERENCE ON ISSUES OF MEDICAL DEONTOLOGY G.Ya. YUZEFOVITCH PROPOSED TO DIVIDE IATROPATOGENIES INTO:

THE LIST OF "NINE RULES, THE FOLLOWING OF WHICH ALLOWS YOU TO INFLUENCE PEOPLE WITHOUT OFFENDING THEM OR CAUSING THEM A FEELING OF OFFENSE" DOES NOT INCLUDE THE RULE:

Maintain the topic of conversation chosen by the interlocutor.

Apart from medical ethics, the relationship of medical workers is regulated by:

legislative acts;

job descriptions;

administrative documents of public health authorities;

The causes of medical errors are:

imperfect research methods;

insufficient knowledge;

lack of conditions for assistance.

MORAL FUNCTIONS:

Regulatory;

cognitive;

IN THE TOTAL OF WHAT STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS DOES MORALITY WORK:

moral activity;

moral relations;

CUSTOMS DIFFER FROM MORAL STANDARDS:

customs imply unquestioning and literal obedience to his requirements;

customs are different for different peoples, eras, social groups;

LEGAL STANDARDS DIFFER FROM MORAL STANDARDS IN A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS:

legal norms are binding;

legal norms are documented in laws, constitutions;

RELATE THE CONCEPTS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS:

A) moral choice spiritually

D) act

D) Behavior

1) the action performed by the subject

2) internal, subjective, conscious motivation

3)Most general concept moral consciousness, a category of ethics that characterizes positive moral values.

4) a set of actions committed by the subject

5) the practical situation of self-determination of the individual in relation to principles, decisions and actions.

CORRECT ANSWER: A5 B3 C2 D1 D4

RELATE THE CONCEPTS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS:

D) conscience

1) a set of generally binding rules of conduct (norms) established or sanctioned by the state, compliance with which is ensured by measures of state influence

2) a philosophical discipline that studies the phenomena of morality and morality

3) the power of human influence on others, based on moral virtues

4)element legal norm, which establishes the adverse consequences of non-compliance with the requirements provided for by this rule.

5) internal control, self-assessment of one's own intention or act in terms of its compliance with moral standards

CORRECT ANSWER: a1, B4, c3, G5, D2

WHO WAS CALLED THE “KNIGHT OF MEDICAL ETHICS”?

Manassein V.A.

TO WHOM THE PHRASE BELONS: “THE BEST DOCTOR WHO IS ABLE TO INSPECT A PATIENT WITH HOPE: IN MANY CASES THIS IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEDICINE”

Botkin S.P.

RELATE:

a) Hippocratic Model

1) The main question: "How to achieve the patient's social trust?"

2) The following documents were written in the mode of this model: "Oath", "About the doctor", "About art"

MATCH QUESTION

1Prudence

2Poise

3Modesty

5Resentment

1 midway between promiscuity and insensitivity to pleasure

2 middle between anger and non-anger

3 the middle between shamelessness and modesty

4between extravagance and pettiness

5 the middle between envy and gloating.

ACCORDING TO THE ETHICAL VIEWS OF CONFUCIUS, REASONABILITY IS ...

2 virtue of 1 part from the rational parts of the soul; aimed at lower objects and associated with useful things for a person

ON WHOM IS EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH SYPHILIS AND GONORRHEA?

healthy people

paralytics

IN WHAT ORGANIZATIONS ARE THE PROBLEMS OF BIOETHICS CONSIDERED?

THE STATEMENT "IN PARACELSUS WE SEE NOT ONLY THE FOUNDER IN THE FIELD OF CREATION OF CHEMICAL MEDICINES, BUT ALSO IN THE FIELD OF EMPERICAL MENTAL TREATMENT" BELONG TO:

4. K. G. Jung

IN PERCEVAL'S OPINION, THE DOCTOR SHOULD BEHAVE:

1. delicately

2. balanced

TOLSTOY AND HIS FAMILY TREATED:

1. G.A. Zakharyin

FOUNDER OF MODERN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE:

4. K. Bernard

PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS:

1. principle of justice

3. the principle of "do good"

4. the principle of "do no harm"

5. principle of respect for patient autonomy

PROFESSIONAL MORALITY IS...

Codes of conduct that prescribe a certain type of moral relationship between people, which are optimal from the v.zr. performance of their professional activities

Socio-philosophical interpretation of the culture of the humanistic purpose of this profession

WHEN CARRYING OUT EXPERIMENTS ON PRISONERS, MILITARY SERVICEMEN, ETC. THERE IS A COMPLEX PROBLEM THAT IN SUCH CASES:

it is difficult to guarantee genuine voluntary consent

COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONVENTION IS A DOCUMENT

ethical

guarantee, control

THE PRINCIPLE OF PRIVACY IS

A condition for protecting the social status of the patient

confirmation and protection of privacy

expression of patients' trust in medical staff

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE NAMED WHEN THE PATIENT SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE SUPPLIED MEDICAL INTERVENTION, ASSOCIATED WITH IT, THE EXISTING RISK, POSSIBLE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES:

autonomy of the individual

IN WHAT YEAR IS THE COURSE OF BIOETHICS INTRODUCED TO THE STATE STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL EDUCATION?

WHOSE QUOTE IS THIS - “WHAT DURING THE TREATMENT I DONT SEE OR HEARD REGARDING HUMAN LIFE, I WILL KEEP CLEAR ABOUT THAT, CONSIDERING SUCH THINGS A SECRET”?

Hippocrates

1. What are the types of morality?

professional

Family

Can you provide a proper definition for the term?

Bioethics

Deontology

A. a section of ethics that deals with the problems of duty and due.

B. is a system of norms for the moral behavior of a person or a group of people.

B. an area of interdisciplinary research aimed at comprehending, discussing and resolving moral problems generated by the latest achievements in biomedical science and healthcare practice.

G. in an objective sense, a system of generally binding, formally defined norms established and enforced by the power of the state and aimed at regulating the behavior of people and their teams in accordance with the foundations of socio-economic, political and spiritual life accepted in a given society

D. morality, a special form of social consciousness and the type of social relations.

1-C 2-A 3-B 4-D 5-D

IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE GENEVA DECLARATION ADOPTED?

WHICH DOCUMENT BETTER DISCUSSES HUMAN RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTS?

4) Declaration of Helsinki

THE PHYSICIAN'S CODE OF ETHICS IS BASED ON THE WORKS

percival

PROVISIONS RELATED TO THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS:

The principle of respect for patient autonomy

The principle of "do good"

The principle of justice

CORRELATE THE TITLE OF THE DOCUMENTS WITH THE DATE OF THEIR ACCEPTANCE

Russian doctor's oath a) 1982

"Declaration of Helsinki b) November 1994

"Doctor's Code of Ethics" c) 1847

"Principles of Medical Ethics d) 1964

1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a

ELEMENTS OF THE INFORMED CONSENT PRINCIPLE

threshold elements

Information elements

Elements of Consent

YEAR OF ADOPTION OF THE “DECLARATION ON THE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PROVISION OF THE RIGHTS OF PATIENTS IN EUROPE”

WHICH FAMOUS RUSSIAN DOCTOR PROMOTED HIPPOCRATES BEFORE TRANSLATIONS OF HIS WORKS APPEARED IN RUSSIA? 1. M.Ya.Mudrov;

MERITS F.P. HAAZA, THAT GLORED HIM 1. guarded the special rights of prisoners to protection, protection of their health and medical care; 3.designed lightweight shackles; 4. He treated all patients, regardless of their social status, showing courage during the cholera epidemic;

CORRELATE THE DOCTOR AND THE IDEAS BELONGING TO HIM: 1. Hippocrates - A. Do no harm to the patient.

2. Paracelsus - B. Do good to the patient, do good.

3. Percival - V. Recognition of the doctor's obligations not only to patients, but also to other doctors, and to society as a whole

THE DECLARATION OF HELSIN, ADOPTED BY THE 18TH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY IN 1964 AND REVISED BY THE 29TH ASSEMBLY, SAYS: 1. Biomedical research involving human subjects must conform to generally accepted scientific principles.

3. Subjects must be volunteers - both healthy and sick.

5. The refusal of a patient to participate in an experiment should never affect his relationship with the doctor.

TESTS

A. natural science

B. humanitarian

C. art history

D. interdisciplinary

E. engineering

A. economic

C. moral

D. territorial

C. Respect for peers

D. material gain

E. new knowledge

B. research methods

A. Regulatory

B. defining

C. informative

D. there is no connection between them

E. legal

The ratio of biomedical ethics and deontology (professional ethics) has a characteristic

rakter:

A. Regulatory

B. defining

C. informative

D. there is no connection between them

E. Complementary

104. The form of social regulation of medical activity does not include:

C. economics

E. art

105. Morality is a concept that defines:

A. the totality of subjective reactions and forms of human behavior

B. propensity to do good and the ability to endure hardships and hardships Everyday life

C. one part of philosophical science

D. culturally classified manners, habits and customs

E. cultural and historical phenomenon of society, a synonym for morality

106. Morality is:

A. special conditional politeness

b. subject matter of ethics

C. rules of conduct in a particular group of people

D. the science of the nature and meaning of moral relationships and moral principles

E. social subordination, etiquette

Of the following, which relationship models are NOT included in the biomedical

ethics?

A. Petrova

B. Hippocrates

C. Paracelsus

D. Fedorova

E. contract

What relationships are regulated by ethical committees in bioethics?

A. between patients

B. between doctors

C. between pharmacist (doctor) and subject

D. between doctor and patient

E. between pharmacists

109. The Nuremberg Code (1947) is:

A. International Code of Practice for Human Experimentation

B. conviction of Nazi criminals

C. compilation of documents on Nazi crimes

D. Instructions for the work of national ethics committees

E. national code medical instructions

110. Duty is what is fulfilled in medicine due to:

A. professional duties

B. Demands of loved ones

C. Demands of Conscience and Consequences of the Moral Ideal

D. ideological justification for social progress

E. superior order, law, constitution

111. Freedom differs from arbitrariness:

A. awareness of responsibility for the deed

112. The basic principles of bioethics are expressed in:

A. Physician's Responsibilities

B. the formulation of the patient's rights

C. regarding animal testing

D. relationship between pharmacist and doctor

E. Relationships between patients

113. To the methods of artificial insemination do not apply:

A. intracorporeal

B. donor

C. extracorporeal

D. fetal therapy

E. artificial insemination

114. Intervention in the field of human health can be carried out:

A. based on the free, informed and informed consent of the patient

B. based on medical indications

C. based on the rarity of the disease pattern and its cognitive value

D. based on the request of relatives

E. based on financial gain

115. The term “informed consent” includes everything except:

A. information about the purpose of the proposed intervention

B. information about the nature of the proposed interference

C. information about possible negative consequences

D. information about the risk associated with the intervention

E. information about the social status of the patient

Persons unable to give informed consent include all but two

groups of persons: a) minors; b) persons with mental disability; c) persons with severe

mi forms of diseases blocking consciousness; d) females; e) citizens with foreign

A strange allegiance.

E. d, d

Negative attitude to abortion in the traditional Christian moral anthropo-

Logic is defined by all of the following except:

A. Violations of the commandment "Thou shalt not kill"

B. failure to fulfill the commandment of love

C. the doctrine of the transmigration of souls (metempsychosis)

D. Irreducibility of personality to the properties of the psychophysical nature of a person

E. classifying abortion as a mortal sin

118. The ethical justification of transplantation is determined by:

A. species identity

B. solidarity in belonging to the scientific and technical intelligentsia

C. the right to the physical and psychological risk of the donor

D. free and informed consent of the donor

E. financial solvency of the recipient

119. In Ukraine, organ transplantation can be performed without the consent of relatives and the donor in the following cases:

A. if the donor is a particularly dangerous criminal sentenced to life imprisonment

B. if the donor is a citizen of a foreign state

C. if the donor is mentally retarded and legally incompetent

D. if the donor is a deceased person and his relatives did not protest in advance against the use of his organs

E. in none of the above cases

120. The right of a doctor to bear false witness to a hopeless patient cannot be universal

due to existence:

A. legal provision on informed consent

B. The moral commandment “Thou shalt not bear false witness”

C. anthropological understanding of death as a stage of life

D. differences in the value and worldview of people

E. for all of the above reasons

121. The doctor should inform the patient about the form of medical intervention in all

cases, except when:

A. the patient is either underage, mentally retarded, or unconscious

B. this decision is driven by financial gain

C. the patient does not have medical education to understand the complexity of the disease

D. the patient's disagreement may lead to a deterioration in his health

E. in all cases listed

122. Respect for the private life of a person from outside medical worker suggests:

A. keeping a secret about the state of his health

B. respect for his suffrage

C. communicating the nature of a patient's illnesses to their employers

D. informing family members about the patient's health status at their request

E. prohibition of euthanasia

Does the patient have the right to know about his hopeless diagnosis?

C. relatives only

D. the decision is made by the doctor

E. depends on the financial solvency of the patient

What is a clone?

A. an exact copy of the father

B. an exact copy of the mother

C. an exact copy of the donor

D. an exact copy of the recipient

E. unique being

It has been reliably established that in some cases, patients, unable to withstand the psychological stress, after the announcement of the diagnosis, commit suicide. What should the doctor do in this case?

A. Depends on the characteristics of the patient

B. Coordinate actions with superiors

C. I will not reveal anything

D. Consult with relatives

E. Consult a lawyer

230. Is it possible to conduct experiments on mentally ill patients:

A. According to the Nurbern Code - no

B. according to the Declaration of Helsinki - yes

C. according to the Hawaiian declaration - yes

D. yes, but only in special cases

E. all of the above are incorrect

231. The main criticism of the compulsory health insurance system is:

A. expensive infrastructure

B. maintenance costs management structures

C. developing effective control mechanisms

D. all of the above

E. none of the above

232. Since HIV today is an incurable disease, therefore:

A. these patients do not need to be treated

B. these patients need to be isolated from society

C. forced euthanasia must be carried out

D. such patients need to be treated, because. it is their inalienable right

E. Treat them only on a commercial basis

TESTS

"Fundamentals of Bioethics and Biosafety"

001. Medicine refers to one of the following types of knowledge:

A. natural science

B. humanitarian

C. art history

D. interdisciplinary

E. engineering

002. The fundamental foundation that forms medical profession, is an:

A. economic

B. cognitive (epistemological)

C. moral

D. territorial

E. material (benefit)

003. main goal The professional activity of a doctor is:

A. saving and preserving human life

B. social trust in the medical profession

C. Respect for peers

D. material gain

E. new knowledge

004. The main distinguishing feature of the professional ethics of a doctor is:

A. The right to deviant behavior

B. informed choice of moral principles and rules of conduct

C. criminal liability for non-compliance with professional ethical standards

D. the unconditional need to subordinate personal interests to corporate

E. priority of the interests of medical science over the interests of a particular patient

005. Medicine and ethics are united by:

A. man as a subject of study

B. research methods

C. mastering the techniques for overcoming conflicts in human relationships

D. desire to know the mechanisms of human behavior and to manage it

E. focus on achieving human financial well-being

006. The correct definition of ethics as a science is:

A. ethics - the science of the relationship of living beings to each other

B. ethics - the science of the nature and meaning of moral relationships and moral principles

C. ethics - the science of minimizing evil in human relations

D. ethics - the science of the ability to behave correctly in society

E. ethics - the ability to evaluate your interlocutor

007. The ratio of general ethical teachings and professional biomedical ethics has the character:

A. Regulatory

B. defining

C. informative

D. there is no connection between them

E. legal

Etiquette is a form of behavior that means

A. recognition of the importance of special rules of conduct in social and professional relationships

C. the science of the nature and meaning of moral relationships and moral principles

D. a person's ability to social adaptation

E. recognition of the importance of social subordination

009. Morality is:

A. culture-classified good-evil attitudes and customs of people

B. body of scientific facts

C. philosophical teaching

D. Strict observance of laws and the constitution

E. a form of "collective unconscious" that indicates due

010. The concept of “right” includes all the listed meanings, except:

A. element of the system of state power

B. a form of coercion and punishment of a person by a person

C. the phenomenon of social solidarity and connection between man and man

D. the set of laws of the state relating to any form of activity (for example, medical law)

E. individual will to punish and punish people

011. Moral regulation of medical activity differs from legal regulation:

A. freedom of choice of action

B. arbitrariness of the motive of activity

C. criminal impunity

D. social approval

E. having a pecuniary interest

012. Biomedical ethics and medical law should ideally be able to:

A. Independence

B. medical law - priority

C. the priority of biomedical ethics must be maintained

D. biomedical ethics - a criterion for the correctness of medical law

E. Medical Law Determines the Correctness of Biomedical Ethics

013. Morality and law according to Kant are in the ratio:

A. morality is subject to law

B. morality and law do not oppose each other, for they are related spheres of the spirit

C. morality versus law

D. law is subject to ethics

E. morality and law are independent

014. The German psychiatrist and philosopher K. Jaspers understands the phenomenon of “criminal statehood” as:

A. Legally expressed rights of the people

B. legalized freedom of action of a person

C. government passing a law that is contrary to moral standards

D. Apparatus for forcing a person to comply with the rule of law

015. Value human life biomedical ethics defines:

A. age (number of years lived)

B. mental and physical fitness

C. race and nationality

D. financial solvency

E. uniqueness and originality of personality

016. The concept of “honor” of a person includes all of the following, except:

A. physiological and mental characteristics of a person

B. following the given word

C. a sense of responsibility for the act

D. social origin (aristocratic, noble)

E. non-participation in sin

017. The concept of “dignity” of a person includes all the listed meanings, except:

a) purity of thoughts and intentions, motives of action; b) the image and likeness of God; c) health; d) physiological characteristics of the human body; e) freedom; f) economic and financial success; g) public recognition, popularity; h) critical self-assessment, self-confidence; i) availability of human abilities and talents; j) awareness of the special purpose of a person in life.

A. b, e, g, i

B. c, d, f

018. The correct definition of justice includes:

A. justice is primarily a principle of distribution of wealth and Money

B. Justice is Equality

C. justice is righteousness, keeping the law and returning good for evil

D. Justice is a principle that governs human relations

E. Justice is situational benefit, action, result

019. Good is all of the above, except:

A. ability and willingness to help others

B. a good that is valuable and significant in itself

C. individual health

D. unattainable ideal

E. property and wealth

020. Evil is what is listed, except:

B. violation of the divine order

C. associated with vice and moral corruption

D. what can bring profit and benefit

E. intellectual fiction

021. The ratio of good and evil is that:

A. goodness is self-sufficient and self-significant

B. good exists independently and apart from evil

C. evil is self-sufficient

D. evil is the absence of good

E. good and evil are mutually conditioned

022. Duty is that which is performed by virtue of:

a. professional responsibilities

B. Demands of Conscience and Consequences of the Moral Ideal

C. Chief's order

D. Mutual benefit

E. requirements of loved ones

023. The following properties belong to the conscience of a person, except:

A. Inner knowledge of good and evil

B. a moral sense that encourages good and averts evil

C. ability to recognize the quality of an act

D.vector moral life aimed at due

E. symptom of a mental disorder

024. Freedom differs from arbitrariness:

A. awareness of responsibility for the perfect act

B. justification of man's sinfulness

C. recognition of a person's ability to do whatever he wants

D. the inability of a person to subordinate the will to the requirement of the moral law

E. indifference to a person's ability to moral improvement

025. Freedom is:

A. the ability of a person to do whatever you want

B. the possibility of creativity

C. law of social life

D. conscious opportunity and ability for moral improvement

E. complete liberation of man's base instincts

026. The definition of the concept of “pleasure” is connected with all of the above, except:

A. Needs Satisfaction

B. deliverance from suffering

C. biological adaptive function

D. expression of interest of a social group

E. disease

027. Choose the correct definition of justice:

a) sensual and rational; b) distributive and rewarding; c) social and asocial; d) ideal and real.

D. b, d

028. The moral perfection of a person presupposes the presence of:

a) utopian faith; b) human abilities; c) the possession of supreme power; d) wealth; e) intellectual reflections; f) knowledge about the purpose and meaning of human existence; g) professionalism.

A. b, f

029. A moral ideal is:

A. image of the highest perfection and the highest good

B. Excellence

C. a hero who sacrificed himself to save another person's life

D. president of a great country

E. leader of the parliamentary faction

030. Charity is:

A. selfless activity whereby private resources are voluntarily distributed by their holders to help those in need

B. Platonic idea.

C. result of equality

D. pagan virtue

E. Selfish Feeling Satisfaction

031. The concept of "mercy" includes everything except:

A. feelings and abilities of compassion

B. Willingness to help someone in need

C. indulgence

D. willingness to fulfill any request of a person

E. willingness to make material sacrifices

032. Professional ethics doctor refers to one of the following types of ethical theories:

A. anthropocentric (naturalistic-pragmatic)

B. ontocentric (idealistic-deontological)

C. occupies an intermediate position

D. creationist (completely based on religion)

E. none of the above

033. According to ethical anthropocentrism, human behavior and actions are determined by:

A. the interests of a social group

B. innate biological and material human needs

C. moral duty

D. professional commitment

E. by the will of God

034. According to ethical ontocentrism, human behavior and actions are determined by:

a) the interests of a social group; b) the material needs of a person; c) innate biological needs; d) moral duty; e) professional obligations; f) national interests; g) the will of God

A. d, e, f

035. The conservative ethical tradition in biomedical ethics is formed by two main teachings: a) hedonism, b) traditional Christian worldview, c) pragmatism, d) Kant's ethics, e) Freudianism.

B. b, d

036. The liberal position in biomedical ethics is based on:
a) Old Testament morality, b) the teachings of F. Nietzsche, c) pragmatism, d) stoicism, e) Platonism.

C. b, c

037. One of the listed forms of professional ethical consciousness cannot be attributed to the historical and logical models of biomedical ethics:

A. Hippocratic model

B. Paracelsus model

C. deontological model

D. bioethics

E. fascist medicine

038. In the Hippocratic model of biomedical ethics, the main principle is:

A. do no harm

B. don't kill

C. priority of science interests

D. The principle of individual autonomy

E. Religious supremacy

039. For the medical ethics of Paracelsus, the basic principle is:

A. do good

B. do not bear false witness

C. don't steal

D. “knowledge is power”

E. The principle of individual autonomy

040. For the deontological model of the doctor-patient relationship, the main principle is:

A. do your duty

B. do not commit adultery

C. keep medical confidentiality

D. help a colleague

E. non-intervention principle

041. For the modern model of bioethics, the main principle is:

A. the principle of “observance of duty”

B. Do no harm

C. Science Priority Principle

D. the principle of priority of rights and respect for the dignity of the patient

E. non-intervention principle

042. Features of "American bioethics" are determined by all of the following, except:

A. developed scientific and organizational base

B. presence of research centers on bioethics

C. Socio-political events of the 1960s and 1970s in the USA

D. Formation of the Patients' Rights Movement and the Creation of the "Patient's Bill of Rights"

E. neglect of the values of religious culture

043. The general civilizational foundations of bioethical knowledge include all of the listed factors, except:

A. Emergence and application of new biomedical technologies in practical healthcare

B. democratization of public relations

C. value and worldview pluralism

D. international action of the Council of Europe

E. experimental nature of modern medical knowledge

044. The features of the “Christian bioethics” of Catholicism include all of the listed features except:

A. Comprehensive consideration of bioethical issues

B. the priority of social realities in theological constructions and recommendations

C. Reasoned Criticism of “‘Evolutionary Anthropology”

D. choice as the foundations of “Christian bioethics” of the principles of understanding “man as a subject and object at the same time”, “God-likeness” of a person, the body as a temple of God

E. Solving problems of bioethics from the standpoint of calculating “goods and benefits”

045. The features of bioethics in countries with a Protestant culture include all of the following features except:

A. The principle of moral autonomy of the individual

B. affirming the right and value of human spiritual freedom

C. the value of “the health of the nation”

D. idea of responsibility

E. idea of self-sufficiency

046. The peculiarities of the attitude to bioethics in Orthodox moral anthropology include all of the following features, except:

A. commercial interests of the scientific and intellectual elite

B. understanding God as the source of human striving for perfection

C. the principle of synergy (the possibility of cooperation between man and God in the transformation of life9)

D. The principle of “sanctity of life”

E. understanding of the calling of man as a “partaker of the divine nature”

047. Islamic moral and religious tradition is characterized by:

A. Orientation to the Koran and the code of canonical laws of Islam

B. priority of human free will

C. dominant socio-political interests of the state

D. unequal role of men and women in society

E. concept of animating the fetus on the hundredth day of pregnancy

048. The basis of Muslim legislation governing activities in the field of health is:

A. common national interests

B. Code of Canons of Islam

C. judgment by analogy

D. ability and right of interpretation of a specialist

E. interests of science

049. The concept of the human person in Islam is defined by:

A. based on the provisions of the Qur'an about the entry of the soul into the fetus at three months and one week, i.e. on the hundredth day of pregnancy

B. the righteousness of parents

C. human vital activity

D. professional's own opinion

E. wealth

3) A set of moral norms that determine a person's attitude to his professional duty.

2. The main goal of the professional activity of a doctor is:

1) saving and preserving human life

The Informed Consent section is contained in the document:

a) Declaration on the policy of ensuring the rights of the patient in Europe

CONTINUE THE STATEMENT: “PROFESSIONAL HONOR AND Dignity on the Part of a Physician…

acts as a component of his moral character;

emphasizes the humanity of the medical profession;

promotes strengthening in the system "doctor-patient";

MEDICAL ERRORS ARE BASED ON:

objective external conditions of the doctor's work, environment and conditions;

insufficient training and experience of the doctor;

imperfection of methods of examination of the patient;

3 GROUPS OF IATROPATOGENIES:

iatropsychogeny;

iatrophysiogeny;

iatropharmacogeny;

ACCORDING TO THE CODE OF ETHICS OF THE RUSSIAN DOCTOR, THE DOCTOR HAS THE RIGHT:

3) refuse to work with the patient

A PHYSICIAN CANNOT REFUSE TO WORK WITH A PATIENT BY REPRESENTING HIM TO ANOTHER SPECIALIST IN THE FOLLOWING CASES:

3) for personal reasons

DISCLOSURE OF SECRETS DOES NOT BE CASES OF PROVISION OR TRANSFER OF MEDICAL INFORMATION:

2) without a court decision

ETHICS COMMITTEES MAY INCLUDE:

1) the staff of the medical institution

5) priests, public figures

IATROGENIC DISEASES IS:

2) psychogenic disorders arising as a result of deontological errors of medical workers

Unintentional harm that may be caused to a patient by the actions of a physician or other healthcare professional:

may be the result of unwillingness to think about possible negative consequences for the patient or be the result of uncontrollable external circumstances.

The nurse must:

be constantly ready to provide competent assistance to patients, regardless of gender, age, nature of the disease

Patience of a nurse

needed in all cases of working life, in dealing with doctors, colleagues, nurses, when talking with patients and relatives.

Choose the appropriate definitions.

iatropsychogeny is

iatropharmacogeny is A

iatrophysiogeny is B

a) disorders associated with negative consequences drug therapy

b) diseases caused by the physical impact of medical measures

c) disorders caused by the impact on the psyche of the patient

Informed consent of the patient is a prerequisite for any medical intervention. This rule is required to:

A) to ensure respect for the patient as an autonomous person who has the right to exercise his choice,

B) minimize the possibility of moral or physical harm that may be inflicted on the patient,

D) create conditions conducive to the formation of spiritual trust between the doctor and the patient.

Choose 3 basic ethical rules for the relationship between medical professionals and patients:

A) the truth rule

B) the rule of informed consent,

D) privacy policy.

In the Charter of Medical Professionals of the European Federation of Physicians, the American Society of Physicians of the American Council of Physicians (ABIM), it is mandatory for every doctor:

A) commitment to honest communication with patients,

INSERT THE MISSING WORD:

When the graduates of the Berlin medical school in the 18th century took an oath, they said the following: “I will treat my ... politely and friendly, as required by the greatness of my profession, and I will be ready, without thinking about personal gain, to cooperate with them in the treatment of the patient”

colleagues

NAME THE FACTORS THAT ARE CAUSES OF STRESS IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF A DOCTOR:

all options are correct

"DAILY PRAYER OF THE DOCTOR" CREATED: M. Maimonides

AT THE 2nd ALL-UNION CONFERENCE ON ISSUES OF MEDICAL DEONTOLOGY G.Ya. YUZEFOVITCH PROPOSED TO DIVIDE IATROPATOGENIES INTO:

THE LIST OF "NINE RULES, THE FOLLOWING OF WHICH ALLOWS YOU TO INFLUENCE PEOPLE WITHOUT OFFENDING THEM OR CAUSING THEM A FEELING OF OFFENSE" DOES NOT INCLUDE THE RULE:

Maintain the topic of conversation chosen by the interlocutor.

In addition to medical ethics, the relationship of medical workers is regulated by:

legislative acts;

job descriptions;

administrative documents of public health authorities;

The causes of medical errors are:

imperfect research methods;

insufficient knowledge;

lack of conditions for assistance.

MORAL FUNCTIONS:

Regulatory;

cognitive;

IN THE TOTAL OF WHAT STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS DOES MORALITY WORK:

moral activity;

moral relations;

CUSTOMS DIFFER FROM MORAL STANDARDS:

customs imply unquestioning and literal obedience to his requirements;

customs are different for different peoples, eras, social groups;

LEGAL STANDARDS DIFFER FROM MORAL STANDARDS IN A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS:

legal norms are binding;

legal norms are documented in laws, constitutions;

RELATE THE CONCEPTS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS:

A) moral choice spiritually

D) act

D) Behavior

1) the action performed by the subject

2) internal, subjective, conscious motivation

3) the most general concept of moral consciousness, a category of ethics that characterizes positive moral values.

4) a set of actions committed by the subject

5) the practical situation of self-determination of the individual in relation to principles, decisions and actions.

CORRECT ANSWER: A5 B3 C2 D1 D4

RELATE THE CONCEPTS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS:

D) conscience

1) a set of generally binding rules of conduct (norms) established or sanctioned by the state, compliance with which is ensured by measures of state influence

2) a philosophical discipline that studies the phenomena of morality and morality

3) the power of human influence on others, based on moral virtues

4) an element of a legal norm, which establishes the adverse consequences of non-compliance with the requirements provided for by this norm.

5) internal control, self-assessment of one's own intention or act in terms of its compliance with moral standards

CORRECT ANSWER: a1, B4, c3, G5, D2

WHO WAS CALLED THE “KNIGHT OF MEDICAL ETHICS”?

Manassein V.A.

TO WHOM THE PHRASE BELONS: “THE BEST DOCTOR WHO IS ABLE TO INSPECT A PATIENT WITH HOPE: IN MANY CASES THIS IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEDICINE”

Botkin S.P.

RELATE:

a) Hippocratic Model

1) The main question: "How to achieve the patient's social trust?"

2) The following documents were written in the mode of this model: "Oath", "About the doctor", "About art"

MATCH QUESTION

1Prudence

2Poise

3Modesty

5Resentment

1 midway between promiscuity and insensitivity to pleasure

2 middle between anger and non-anger

3 the middle between shamelessness and modesty

4between extravagance and pettiness

5 the middle between envy and gloating.

ACCORDING TO THE ETHICAL VIEWS OF CONFUCIUS, REASONABILITY IS ...

2 virtue of 1 part from the rational parts of the soul; aimed at lower objects and associated with useful things for a person

ON WHOM IS EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH SYPHILIS AND GONORRHEA?

healthy people

paralytics

IN WHAT ORGANIZATIONS ARE THE PROBLEMS OF BIOETHICS CONSIDERED?

THE STATEMENT "IN PARACELSUS WE SEE NOT ONLY THE FOUNDER IN THE FIELD OF CREATION OF CHEMICAL MEDICINES, BUT ALSO IN THE FIELD OF EMPERICAL MENTAL TREATMENT" BELONG TO:

4. K. G. Jung

IN PERCEVAL'S OPINION, THE DOCTOR SHOULD BEHAVE:

1. delicately

2. balanced

TOLSTOY AND HIS FAMILY TREATED:

1. G.A. Zakharyin

FOUNDER OF MODERN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE:

4. K. Bernard

PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS:

1. principle of justice

3. the principle of "do good"

4. the principle of "do no harm"

5. principle of respect for patient autonomy

PROFESSIONAL MORALITY IS...

Codes of conduct that prescribe a certain type of moral relationship between people, which are optimal from the v.zr. performance of their professional activities

Socio-philosophical interpretation of the culture of the humanistic purpose of this profession

WHEN CARRYING OUT EXPERIMENTS ON PRISONERS, MILITARY SERVICEMEN, ETC. THERE IS A COMPLEX PROBLEM THAT IN SUCH CASES:

it is difficult to guarantee genuine voluntary consent

COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONVENTION IS A DOCUMENT

ethical

guarantee, control

THE PRINCIPLE OF PRIVACY IS

A condition for protecting the social status of the patient

confirmation and protection of privacy

expression of patients' trust in medical staff

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE NAMED WHEN THE PATIENT SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE SUPPLIED MEDICAL INTERVENTION, ASSOCIATED WITH IT, THE EXISTING RISK, POSSIBLE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES:

autonomy of the individual

IN WHAT YEAR IS THE COURSE OF BIOETHICS INTRODUCED TO THE STATE STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL EDUCATION?

WHOSE QUOTE IS THIS - “WHAT DURING THE TREATMENT I DONT SEE OR HEARD REGARDING HUMAN LIFE, I WILL KEEP CLEAR ABOUT THAT, CONSIDERING SUCH THINGS A SECRET”?

Hippocrates

1. What are the types of morality?

professional

Family

Can you provide a proper definition for the term?

Bioethics

Deontology

A. a section of ethics that deals with the problems of duty and due.

B. is a system of norms for the moral behavior of a person or a group of people.

B. an area of interdisciplinary research aimed at comprehending, discussing and resolving moral problems generated by the latest achievements in biomedical science and healthcare practice.

D. morality, a special form of social consciousness and the type of social relations.

1-C 2-A 3-B 4-D 5-D

IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE GENEVA DECLARATION ADOPTED?

WHICH DOCUMENT BETTER DISCUSSES HUMAN RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTS?

4) Declaration of Helsinki

THE PHYSICIAN'S CODE OF ETHICS IS BASED ON THE WORKS

percival

PROVISIONS RELATED TO THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BIOETHICS:

The principle of respect for patient autonomy

The principle of "do good"

The principle of justice

CORRELATE THE TITLE OF THE DOCUMENTS WITH THE DATE OF THEIR ACCEPTANCE

Russian doctor's oath a) 1982

"Declaration of Helsinki b) November 1994

"Doctor's Code of Ethics" c) 1847

"Principles of Medical Ethics d) 1964

1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-a

ELEMENTS OF THE INFORMED CONSENT PRINCIPLE

threshold elements

Information elements

Elements of Consent

YEAR OF ADOPTION OF THE “DECLARATION ON THE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PROVISION OF THE RIGHTS OF PATIENTS IN EUROPE”

WHICH FAMOUS RUSSIAN DOCTOR PROMOTED HIPPOCRATES BEFORE TRANSLATIONS OF HIS WORKS APPEARED IN RUSSIA? 1. M.Ya.Mudrov;

CORRELATE THE DOCTOR AND THE IDEAS BELONGING TO HIM: 1. Hippocrates - A. Do no harm to the patient.

2. Paracelsus - B. Do good to the patient, do good.

3. Percival - V. Recognition of the doctor's obligations not only to patients, but also to other doctors, and to society as a whole

3. Subjects must be volunteers - both healthy and sick.

5. The refusal of a patient to participate in an experiment should never affect his relationship with the doctor.

Source: StudFiles.net