Live live what a fairy tale. Beginnings and endings as the main structural elements of fairy tales

Russian folk tales are a fundamental element of the folk art of our ancestors. In these stories, we are faced with unforgettable adventures of heroes, with descriptions of their Everyday life, including everyday life and work, with fantastic creatures and with mystical phenomena. Children's are our first encounters with good and evil, with joy and sadness, with laughter and enthusiasm, and even with fear. We have known their heroes since childhood, and love for them does not pass throughout our lives, continuing to touch and surprise even in adulthood. More than once we are faced with the fact that after reading a Russian folk tale to a child, we always find something new and instructive for ourselves. At all times, fairy tales have inspired creative people to stage children's performances, paint pictures, and create true masterpieces of cinematography.

Fairy tale composition:

Usually Russian folk tales for children have a clear composition. The standard composition of a fairy tale includes the beginning, that is, what kind of beginning the fairy tale has. It can be “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state ...” and “Once upon a time ...” and other options that already from the first words set us up in a fabulous mood. Next comes the main part of the fairy tale, in which all the events of the fairy tale plot take place, and the fairy tale usually ends in a special way. There are a lot of options for ending the tale, the most familiar of them are:

• They began to live - live and make good
• And I was there, drinking beer honey ...
• They made a feast for the whole world ...

Features of Russian folk tales:

Remember only the phrases that we even then involuntarily use in our lives: go where your eyes look; soon the fairy tale is told, but not soon the deed is done ... And what poetry gives fairy tales a simple movement of the adjective after the predicate, like a song then a fairy tale is read, in one breath: the sun is red, the beauty is written ...

The features of Russian folk tales, of course, are also in their writing, in the abbreviation of words. After all, starting to read a fairy tale, we immediately understand that this fairy tale is Russian. With just one word. What is unhappy, hanging his head violently?

And the children with their affectionate names? This is a cockerel and the sun and a brother and sister and many others. Due to such writing, these fairy tales are so loved by our kids, when mom reads them, they are so affectionate and kind.

They say that now is the age of high technology and new progressive media, but can you imagine not reading a single fairy tale to your child? It seems impossible, even a little stupid and ridiculous. Fairy tales have entered our lives so long and so firmly that we can only rejoice at their huge number and choose our favorite ones to read to their children.

The question “What words do they start with?”, he will most likely name the phrase “Once upon a time…”. Indeed, this is the most common beginning of Russian folk. Someone else will definitely remember: "In a certain kingdom, in a certain state ..." or "In the thirtieth kingdom, in the thirtieth state ..." - and he will also be right.

Some tales begin with the usual word "once". And in others, such as, for example, in “Three Kingdoms - copper, silver and gold”, the time is described as if more specifically, but still very vague, in a fabulous way: “In that old time, when the world was filled with goblin, witches and mermaids when the rivers flowed with milk, the banks were jelly, and fried partridges flew across the fields ... "

Russian folk everyday tales, more like anecdotes, do without traditional beginnings. For example, "One man had a grumpy wife ..." or "Two brothers lived in the same village."

Similar initiations can be found not only in Russian folk tales but also in the tales of other peoples.

What are all these sayings about? Everything is very simple. The listener or reader is immediately put into action, finds out with whom, where and at what time the fabulous events will take place. And waiting to continue. It is also important that these phrases are rhythmically constructed in such a way as to create a certain melodiousness.

Beginnings of author's fairy tales

A.S. Pushkin in "The Tale of the Golden Cockerel" brings together two fabulous beginnings at once:
“Nowhere, in the distant kingdom,
In the thirtieth state,
Once upon a time there was a glorious king Dadon.

Many fairy tales do not begin with traditional phrases. For example, the first line in Andersen's fairy tale "The Flint" is as follows: "A soldier was walking along the road: one or two! one or two!"

Or, for example, the beginnings of fairy tales by Astrid Lindgren: “In the city of Stockholm, on the most ordinary street, in the most ordinary house, the most ordinary Swedish family named Svanteson lives.” ("Baby and Carlson") "Thunder rumbled on the night that Roni was supposed to be born." ("Roni is the robber's daughter")

But even here it can be seen that fairy tales begin either with the introduction of the hero, or with the designation of the place of action, or they speak of time.

It is very rare to find fairy tales, the beginning of which is devoted to lengthy descriptions. Usually the beginnings are quite dynamic.

For example, one of the most beloved Russian children's poets, Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky, without preface, immediately, as if on the run, introduces the reader into the midst of fairy-tale events. “The blanket ran away, the sheet flew away, and the pillow, like a frog, jumped away from me.” ("Moydodyr") "The sieve jumps through the fields, and the trough through the meadows." ("Fedorino grief")

A good beginning in a fairy tale is important. It determines the mood with which the listener or reader will plunge into the story.

Entertainment script based on fairy tales for older preschoolers and younger students

Leisure for children 5-9 years old: "In the world of fairy tales".

Introduction in verse.

Fairy tale oral retelling
Plot fiction.
Magic and miracles
Will go around half the world.

Both heroes and villains
In a fairy tale, listeners are waiting.
Invisibly small children
Educate, entertain.

The value of a fairy tale is great!
Storehouse of knowledge!
For violators of the ban
There will be tests.

Who will pass with dignity
Difficulties and sorrows
Awards at the end
For deeds of conscience!

A fairy tale is our priceless gift!
Rich in wisdom.
And with her excitement
The guys are listening.

justice triumphs
Evil is punished with good.
She brings joy to people

Included in every home!

Fairy tale ancient idea
But it has reached our days.
It has an idea.
And messages for the people!

Leisure: In the world of fairy tales.

1. Tales about animals.

Tales about animals are the most ancient works. ancient man animate nature, endowed animals with the properties and qualities inherent in man.
In fairy tales about animals, animals can talk to each other, perform household chores. Animals in folk tales cannot think, they do not think about their actions, they only act.
In fairy tales about animals, animals are carriers of one character trait: the fox is cunning, the bear is clumsy, the wolf is stupid.
Tales about animals are interesting, simple, unpretentious, based on a dialogue between animals, sometimes short expressive songs are used in the plot.
Example: I'm Gingerbread Man, Gingerbread Man! I'm scraped in a box,
Meten in the bottom of the barrel, Meshon on sour cream, Yarn in butter,
There is a frost on the window; I left my grandfather, I left my grandmother,
And from you, hare, do not cunningly leave!
Guys, what fairy tales about animals do you know? (children's answers)
Examples of fairy tales about animals: “Teremok”, “Top-Roots”, “Fox sister and wolf”, “Cat, rooster and fox”, “Kolobok”, “Ice and Bast hut” and others.

2. Boring tales.

Boring tales are tales with endlessly repetitive content. From the word "to bother" - to bother. With their help, the storyteller either kindled interest in listening to fairy tales, or, on the contrary, stopped those who were ready to listen to them endlessly. Guys, how many of you are already familiar with such fairy tales?
Example: Once upon a time there was a grandmother near the river.
Grandma wanted to swim in the river.
And the grandmother bought herself a washcloth
This tale is good - Start over!

3. Household fairy tales

A household fairy tale is an unusual, unheard of story, a story about the impossible. The heroes of everyday fairy tales are boyars, officials, judges endowed with all sorts of vices: stupidity, greed, irresponsibility.
On the other hand, smart, cunning, brave, resourceful peasants and soldiers. There are no magic items and helpers in these fairy tales. The events of the tale are ordinary events from life, but are described with humor. In everyday fairy tales, such negative traits as stupidity, greed, and injustice are ridiculed.
Example: The tale of the priest and the worker Balda, Porridge from an ax.

4. Fairy tales are adventurous

Adventurous Tales - a short entertaining story, a plot from real life that makes fun of universal human vices. These are tales about talkative and greedy wives, about lazy and sloppy housewives, about naivety and human simplicity. Guys, remember and name such fairy tales? (children's answers)
Example: Greedy old woman, Spoken water, Bezruchka.

5. Fairy tales

A fairy tale is the brightest and most widespread in the world. The story is filled with wonders and adventures.
In fairy tales, there will definitely be objects and things endowed with magical powers (a tablecloth is self-assembled, boots are fast walkers, a hat is invisible, and others), words can have magical powers (At the pike’s command, at my will), magical helpers (Humpbacked Horse, Pike sorceress and others)
In fairy tales, there are positive characters and negative characters.
The main features of a fairy tale: the presence of a ban (do not drink from a hoof, you will become a goat), a violation of the ban (brother Ivanushka did not obey his sister and drank from a hoof), a test (turned into a goat), a reward (the kid threw over his head three times with joy and turned around boy Ivanushka).
In a fairy tale, violators of the ban always take the path of correcting those troubles that they themselves have done. In the process of overcoming trials and difficulties, the hero redeems himself good deeds and pure spiritual thoughts.
Story- an optimistic work in which good always triumphs over evil. Fairytale fiction always has a hidden moral. A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it - a good lesson for a good fellow. While reading fairy tales, children try on the roles of certain fairy tale characters, imagination draws images. Children sincerely worry about the fate of their favorite heroes of fairy tales.
Guys, what fairy tales do you already know? (children's answers)
Examples: Geese - Swans, By pike command, Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka, Princess Frog, Cinderella and others.